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      Coastal pollution due to increasing nutrient flux in aquaculture sites

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          Determination of recent sedimentation rates in Lake Michigan using Pb-210 and Cs-137

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            Agricultural runoff fuels large phytoplankton blooms in vulnerable areas of the ocean.

            Biological productivity in most of the world's oceans is controlled by the supply of nutrients to surface waters. The relative balance between supply and removal of nutrients--including nitrogen, iron and phosphorus--determines which nutrient limits phytoplankton growth. Although nitrogen limits productivity in much of the ocean, large portions of the tropics and subtropics are defined by extreme nitrogen depletion. In these regions, microbial denitrification removes biologically available forms of nitrogen from the water column, producing substantial deficits relative to other nutrients. Here we demonstrate that nitrogen-deficient areas of the tropical and subtropical oceans are acutely vulnerable to nitrogen pollution. Despite naturally high nutrient concentrations and productivity, nitrogen-rich agricultural runoff fuels large (54-577 km2) phytoplankton blooms in the Gulf of California. Runoff exerts a strong and consistent influence on biological processes, in 80% of cases stimulating blooms within days of fertilization and irrigation of agricultural fields. We project that by the year 2050, 27-59% of all nitrogen fertilizer will be applied in developing regions located upstream of nitrogen-deficient marine ecosystems. Our findings highlight the present and future vulnerability of these ecosystems to agricultural runoff.
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              Coastal eutrophication near the Mississippi river delta

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Environmental Geology
                Environ Geol
                Springer Nature
                0943-0105
                1432-0495
                July 2009
                September 2 2008
                : 58
                : 2
                : 447-454
                Article
                10.1007/s00254-008-1516-5
                1faa14bd-24c1-4ea0-bc95-4e1607152c81
                © 2008

                http://www.springer.com/tdm

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