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      Tierra de nadie, tierra de todos. Unidad y naturaleza en las figuras culturales de península Antártica y alrededores Translated title: No man’s land, everyone’s land. Unity and nature in the cultural figures of the Antarctic Peninsula and surroundings

      research-article
      Revista 180
      Universidad Diego Portales
      Antártica, frontera, imaginarios territoriales, paisaje, Antarctica, borderland, landscape, territorial imaginaries

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          Abstract

          Resumen Este trabajo estudia la historia del territorio antártico disputado por Argentina, Chile y Reino Unido en el contexto de procesos que culminaron con la reciente resignificación “edénica” del continente blanco: la atribución de valores positivos a su condición de espacio prístino, el consecuente desistimiento de actividades de explotación comercial, la promoción de su preservación y de la minimización de cualquier impacto. Como espacio “compartido” en su historia se articulan variados procesos de incorporación a imaginarios colectivos y territorios nacionales con aspiraciones que mueven el quehacer de cada país en el entramado de acciones, reacciones y valoraciones territoriales en que se busca ahondar. En lo que concierne a una dimensión morfológica, se plantea que los anhelos de cada uno motivaron proyectos de integración del espacio reclamado, se vincularon con escenarios de competición internacional y se asociaron con nociones de unidad territorial mayormente catalizadas por momentos críticos de la historia. En lo que concierne a una dimensión valórica, se estima que esta depende de cómo se interpretó la naturaleza de la Antártica en visiones de futuro que se estructuraron básicamente en dos aspectos. Uno de estos dice relación con la percepción de su virginidad, entendida como fuente de recursos a extraer o “Edén” a preservar. Otro dice relación con quienes deberían beneficiarse de ella, si comunidades nacionales, internacionales o globales. Las distintas etapas de los procesos de incorporación se analizan a partir de proyectos de arquitectura, infraestructura, estrategias geopolíticas y cartografías o incluso novelas y fotografías. Tratando de superar el paradigma de una separación conceptual entre transformaciones y representaciones del territorio, estos se entienden como “figuras”, manifestaciones culturales y fragmentos de discursos subyacentes a los procesos de incorporación: un conjunto de elementos variados, pero leídos de manera transversal a través de nociones de unidad y valores de la naturaleza que conllevan.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract This paper studies the history of the Antarctic territory disputed by Argentina, Chile, and the United Kingdom in the context of the processes that culminated in the recent “Edenic” resignification of the white continent: the attribution of positive cultural values to its condition of pristine space, the consequent withdrawal of commercial exploitation activities, the promotion of its preservation and the minimization of any impact. Being a “shared” place links its history to various processes of incorporation into collective imaginaries and national territories with different yearnings moving each country in the framework of actions, reactions, and territorial meanings this paper try to delve into. Regarding a morphological dimension, it is suggested that the wishes of each one was strengthened by integration projects, linked to international competition scenarios, and associated with notions of territorial unity, mostly catalysed by critical historic moments. Regarding its symbolic dimension, it is suggested that territorial cultural values depend on how Antarctic nature has been conceived in different visions of his future that were basically structured in two aspects. One of these is related to the understanding of its pristine status, perceived as a source of resources to extract or "Eden" to preserve. Another relates to those who should benefit from it, whether national, international, or global communities. These approaches allow delving into the different stages of the incorporation processes through architecture projects, infrastructure, geopolitical strategies, and cartographies or even novels and photographs. Trying to overcome the paradigm of a conceptual separation between transformations of the land and its representations, these are understood as “figures”, cultural manifestations and fragments of discourses underlying the incorporation dynamics: different kind of elements that can be transversally read through the notions of unity and meanings of nature they support.

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          Most cited references62

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          Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal ClOx/NOx interaction

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            Apollo’s Eye: A Cartographic Genealogy of the Earth in the Western Imagination

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              Halley Research Station, Antarctica: calving risks and monitoring strategies

              Abstract. The British Antarctic Survey's Halley Research Station is located on the Brunt Ice Shelf, Antarctica, where it is potentially vulnerable to calving events. Existing historical records show that the Brunt Ice Shelf is currently extended further into the Weddell Sea than it was before its last large calving event, so a new calving event may be overdue. We describe three different possible future scenarios for a large-scale calving event on Brunt Ice Shelf. We conclude that currently the most threatening scenario for the Halley Research Station is a calving event on the neighbouring Stancomb-Wills Glacier Tongue, with subsequent detrimental consequences for the stability of the Brunt Ice Shelf. Based on available data, we suggest an increasing likelihood of this scenario occurring after 2020. We furthermore describe ongoing monitoring efforts aimed at giving advanced warning of an imminent calving event.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                revista180
                Revista 180
                Revista 180
                Universidad Diego Portales (Santiago, , Chile )
                0718-2309
                0718-669X
                August 2021
                : 47
                : 2-19
                Affiliations
                [1] Santiago Santiago de Chile orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica de Chile Chile frossett@ 123456uc.cl
                Article
                S0718-669X2021000100002 S0718-669X(21)00004700002
                10.32995/rev180.num-47.(2021).art-792
                1abf5405-87af-4725-90e1-d247938d1cbf

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 February 2020
                : 07 January 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 62, Pages: 18
                Product

                SciELO Chile

                Categories
                Artículos

                Antártica,territorial imaginaries,landscape,borderland,Antarctica,paisaje,frontera,imaginarios territoriales

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