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      Detección precoz por Tomografía Computada Cuantitativa Multicorte de alteraciones en la densidad mineral ósea, inducidas por una dieta aterogénica, en un modelo experimental en ratas en crecimiento Translated title: Multislice Quantitative Computed Tomography allozos early detectíon of bone mineral density alterations induced by atherogenic diet in a growing rat experimental model

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          Abstract

          Propósito. Demostrar la utilidad de la tomografía computada cuantitativa multicorte (QCT-MC) en la detección precoz de alteraciones en la densidad mineral ósea (DMO) mandibular, inducidas por una dieta aterogénica, en un modelo experimental en ratas en crecimiento. Materiales y Métodos. Ratas Wistar macho (n=16) al destete, loteadas por peso en 2 grupos: Control (C) y experimental (E); peso promedio inicial sin diferencias significativas (p > 0,05); recibieron a libre demanda: C, dieta stock para roedores y E, dieta aterogénica por 3 semanas. Se monitorearon zoometría (peso y longitud corporales) y consumo de dieta (g/100 g rata/día). A las 3 semanas en suero (mg/dL), se evaluó el perfil lipídico-lipoproteico: colesterol total (col-T), triglicéridos (TG), col HDL y noHDL, y la QCT-MC (Philips 64 CT, cuantificado con eFilm Workstation 2.1) de siete zonas mandibulares (ZM): n° 1 a 4, desde forámen mentoniano hacia mandibular; n° 5, proceso coronoide; n° 6, proceso condilar; n° 7, proceso angular. Se realizó análisis estadístico Pearson: correlación entre DMO de cada ZM y valor sérico de col-T (nivel de significación p < 0,05). Resultados. (media ± DE) A las 3 semanas no hubo diferencias zoométricas ni en la ingesta (p > 0,05). Los coeficientes de correlación (r) y respectivos niveles de significación (p) mostraron, en cinco de siete ZM, ser significativos: ZM 1: -0,580 (p = 0,019), ZM 2: -0,709 (p = 0,002), ZM 3: -0,635 (p = 0,008), ZM 5: -0.674 (p = 0,004), ZM 6: -0,564 (p = 0,023). Conclusiones. Estos resultados sugieren que la QCT-MC es un método de diagnóstico por imágenes que permite detectar precozmente alteraciones inducidas por una dieta aterogénica en la arquitectura ósea de la mandíbula. La correlación inversa entre la DMO y el col-T indicaría una asociación entre el consumo de una dieta aterogénica y posibles disfunciones témporo-mandibulares.

          Translated abstract

          Purpose. To demónstrate the utility of Multislice Quantitative Computed Tomography (MS-QCT) in the early detection of mandibular bone mineral density (BMD) alterations induced by an atherogenic diet in a growing rat experimental model. Materials and Methods. Male weanling Wistar rats (n =16) were divided by body weight (Wt) into 2 groups: control (C) and experimental (E), with no significant differences in the mean initial Wt (p>0.05). C was fed rodent stock diet ad libitum, and E an atherogenic diet for 3 weeks (3w). Zoometry (body weight and length) and diet intake (g/lOOg rat/day) were monitored. At 3 w in serum (mg/dL) lipid-lipoprotein profile was studied: total cholesterol (t-C), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) and MS-QCT (Philips 64 CT, quantified with the eFilm Workstation 2.1) in seven mandibular áreas (MA): n°lto 4: from chin to mandibular foramen, n° 5: coronoid process, n° 6: condylar process, n° 7: angular process. Statistics: Pearson's correlation between BMD in each MA and serum t-C. p<0.05 was considered significant. Results. (mean ± SD) At 3w, neither zoometric ñor intake differences were observed (p>0.05). Correlation coefficients (r) and their significance levéis (p) were relevant in 5/7 MA. MA1-.-0.580 (p=0.019), MA2:-0.709 (p=0.002), MA3:-0.635 (p=0.008), MA5:-0.674 (p=0.004), MA6:-0.564 (p=0.023). Conclusions. These results suggest that MS-QCT is an imaging diagnostic method that allows the early detection of mandible bone architecture alterations induced by an atherogenic diet. Inverse correlation between BMD and t-C would indícate an association between an atherogenic diet intake and potential temporomandibular disorders.

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          Most cited references48

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          Clinical utility of different lipid measures for prediction of coronary heart disease in men and women.

          Evidence is conflicting regarding the performance of apolipoproteins vs traditional lipids for predicting coronary heart disease (CHD) risk. To compare performance of different lipid measures for CHD prediction using discrimination and calibration characteristics and reclassification of risk categories; to assess incremental utility of apolipoproteins over traditional lipids for CHD prediction. Population-based, prospective cohort from, Framingham, Massachusetts. We evaluated serum total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), non-HDL-C, apolipoprotein (apo) A-I and apo B, and 3 lipid ratios (total cholesterol:HDL-C, LDL-C:HDL-C, and apo B:apo A-I) in 3322 middle-aged white participants who attended the fourth offspring examination cycle (1987-1991) and were without cardiovascular disease. Fifty-three percent of the participants were women. Incidence of first CHD event (recognized or unrecognized myocardial infarction, angina pectoris, coronary insufficiency, or coronary heart disease death). After a median follow-up of 15.0 years, 291 participants, 198 of whom were men, developed CHD. In multivariate models adjusting for nonlipid risk factors, the apo B:apo A-I ratio predicted CHD (hazard ratio [HR] per SD increment, 1.39; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-1.58 in men and HR, 1.40; 95% CI, 1.16-1.67 in women), but risk ratios were similar for total cholesterol:HDL-C (HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.22-1.58 in men and HR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.17-1.66 in women) and for LDL-C:HDL-C (HR, 1.35; 95% CI, 1.18-1.54 in men and HR, 1.36; 95% CI 1.14-1.63 in women). In both sexes, models using the apo B:apo A-I ratio demonstrated performance characteristics comparable with but not better than that for other lipid ratios. The apo B:apo A-I ratio did not predict CHD risk in a model containing all components of the Framingham risk score including total cholesterol:HDL-C (P = .12 in men; P = .58 in women). In this large, population-based cohort, the overall performance of apo B:apo A-I ratio for prediction of CHD was comparable with that of traditional lipid ratios but did not offer incremental utility over total cholesterol:HDL-C. These data do not support measurement of apo B or apo A-I in clinical practice when total cholesterol and HDL-C measurements are available.
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            Multiple risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes mellitus.

            In the past 25 years, obesity and diabetes mellitus have overtaken cigarette smoking, dyslipidemia, and hypertension as risk factors for coronary heart disease. Data from a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) survey of 50 states revealed that, in 2000, the prevalence of obesity among US adults was approximately 20%, a 61% increase from the 1991 prevalence rate. Currently, most adults (> or =56%) are overweight, approximately 1 in 5 is obese, and 7.3% have diabetes. Overweight and obesity increase the risk for hospitalization and death from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and type 2 diabetes at all levels of risk and independently of other risk factors. In particular, abdominal obesity (assessed indirectly by measuring waist circumference) may be associated with clustering of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors (i.e., hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein [HDL] cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and elevated levels of fasting glucose) known as the metabolic syndrome. Patients with even minimal abnormalities in any 3 of the 5 risk factors for the metabolic syndrome are at heightened risk for CVD or diabetes. It is estimated that 47 million US adults, 25% of the population, have > or =3 metabolic syndrome components. Abdominal obesity is the most common, followed by low HDL cholesterol levels, high blood pressure, and high levels of triglycerides. The risk for disease increases over time as the number of metabolic syndrome characteristics accumulates; therefore, early intervention is warranted. Given the prevalence and potentially deadly consequences of the metabolic syndrome, it is imperative for physicians to recognize the presence of these risk factors in their patients and to familiarize themselves with the recommended treatment strategies.
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              Measurement of bone mineral content of the lumbar spine by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry in normal children: correlations with growth parameters.

              The bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine (L1-L4) was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (Hologic QDR 1000) in 135 healthy caucasian children, aged 1-15 yr, and values were correlated with age, height, weight, body surface, bone age, pubertal status, calcium intake, vitamin D supplementation, and serum bone gla protein. BMD increased with age in children of both sexes (r = 0.88; P less than 0.001) from 0.446 +/- 0.048 g/cm2 at 1 yr to 0.625 +/- 0.068 g/cm2 at 10 yr and 0.891 +/- 0.123 g/cm2 at 15 yr of age. The increase was steeper at the time of puberty, reaching values above 0.80 g/cm2 after puberty was achieved. There were no significant differences between boys and girls, except at the age of 12 yr when BMD was higher in girls than in boys (P = 0.007), probably because of the earlier onset of puberty in females. BMD was also highly correlated with height, weight, body surface, and bone age. BMD was not correlated with calcium intake when age was held constant, nor with vitamin D supplementation. Serum bone gla protein showed a steady increase during childhood, with peak values at 11-12 yr of age, and was weakly but significantly correlated with BMD (r = 0.27; P = 0.007). Because of low irradiation exposure, rapid scanning, and high precision, dual energy x-ray absorptiometry is a noninvasive method which is well adapted to the child. It should be helpful in the investigation and follow-up of children with diseases impairing bone metabolism.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rar
                Revista argentina de radiología
                Rev. argent. radiol.
                Sociedad Argentina de Radiología (SAR) y Federación Argentina de Diagnóstico por Imágenes y Terapia Radiante (FAARDIT) (Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, , Argentina )
                1852-9992
                March 2012
                : 76
                : 1
                : 43-50
                Affiliations
                [01] CABA orgnameENERI orgdiv1Clínica Sagrada Familia
                [03] orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología orgdiv2Cátedra de Histología y Embriología
                [02] CABA orgnameUniversidad de Buenos Aires orgdiv1Facultad de Odontología orgdiv2Cátedra de Bioquímica
                Article
                S1852-99922012000100007 S1852-9992(12)07600100007
                179db37e-bcb7-4c30-b2ed-b900d74dc459

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : January 2012
                : October 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 50, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Musculoesquelético

                Rat mandible,Arquitectura ósea,Dieta aterogénica,Mandíbula de rata,Tomografía Computada cuantitativa,Atherogenic diet,Bone architecture,Quantitative computed tomography

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