NETosis: Sculpting tumor metastasis and immunotherapy

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Summary

The process of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, called NETosis, is a peculiar death modality of neutrophils, which was first observed as an immune response against bacterial infection. However, recent work has revealed the unique biology of NETosis in facilitating tumor metastatic process. Neutrophil extracellular traps released by the tumor microenvironment (TME) shield tumor cells from cytotoxic immunity, leading to impaired tumor clearance. Besides, tumor cells tapped by NETs enable to travel through vessels and subsequently seed distant organs. Targeted ablation of NETosis has been proven to be beneficial in potentiating the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy in the metastatic settings. This review outlines the impact of NETosis at almost all stages of tumor metastasis. Furthermore, understanding the multifaceted interplay between NETosis and the TME components is crucial for supporting the rational development of highly effective combination immunotherapeutic strategies with anti‐NETosis for patients with metastatic disease.

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Most cited references 176

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Neutrophils engulf and kill bacteria when their antimicrobial granules fuse with the phagosome. Here, we describe that, upon activation, neutrophils release granule proteins and chromatin that together form extracellular fibers that bind Gram-positive and -negative bacteria. These neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) degrade virulence factors and kill bacteria. NETs are abundant in vivo in experimental dysentery and spontaneous human appendicitis, two examples of acute inflammation. NETs appear to be a form of innate response that binds microorganisms, prevents them from spreading, and ensures a high local concentration of antimicrobial agents to degrade virulence factors and kill bacteria.

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Filippo Veglia, Emilio Sanseviero, Dmitry I. Gabrilovich (2021)

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Author and article information

Contributors

Yang Liu: (View ORCID Profile)

Journal

Title: Immunological Reviews

Abbreviated Title: Immunological Reviews

ISSN (Print): 0105-2896

ISSN (Electronic): 1600-065X

Publication date Created: January 2024

Publication date (Electronic): September 15 2023

Publication date (Print): January 2024

Volume: 321

Issue: 1

Pages: 263-279

Affiliations

[1 ] Department of Digestive Diseases 1 Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute Shenyang China

[2 ] Department of General Surgery The Affiliated Bozhou Hospital of Anhui Medical University Bozhou China

[3 ] Department of Gastric Surgery Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute Shenyang China

Article

DOI: 10.1111/imr.13277

PubMed ID: 37712361

SO-VID: 16aac170-290f-420d-9e66-2e47e0a77c81

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http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor

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