No effects of acute tryptophan depletion on anxiety or mood in weight-recovered female patients with anorexia nervosa

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Abstract

Background

Previous studies have suggested that individuals recovered from anorexia nervosa (AN) are characterized by increased serotonergic (5-HT) activity that might be related to elevated levels of anxiety. Assuming these traits to be also present in individuals at risk for AN, it was further hypothesized that restricting food intake might be a means to temporarily alleviate dysphoric affective states by reducing central nervous availability of tryptophan (TRP), the sole precursor of 5-HT. One study that supported this hypothesis found anxiolytic effects in individuals with a history of AN during an experimentally induced short-term depletion of TRP supply to the brain.

Methods

In this placebo-controlled, double-blind cross-over study, 22 patients weight-recovered from AN (recAN) and 25 healthy control participants (HC) completed questionnaires assessing anxiety and momentary mood during acute tryptophan depletion (ATD), a dietary intervention that lowers central 5-HT synthesis.

Results

The ATD procedure effectively reduced the ratio of TRP to competing for large neutral amino acids in the peripheral blood, indicating decreased TRP supply to the brain. Effects of ATD on anxiety and mood did not differ between recAN and HC. Bayesian null hypothesis testing confirmed these initial results.

Discussion

Our results do not support the hypothesis that short-term depletion of TRP and its impact on the brain 5-HT reduces anxiety or improves mood in AN. As the evidence for the role of 5-HT dysfunction on affective processes in patients with AN is limited, further studies are needed to assess its relevance in the pathophysiology of AN.

Supplementary Information

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00406-022-01414-8.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Stefan Ehrlich:

ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2132-4445

transden.lab@uniklinikum-dresden.de

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci

Title: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience

Publisher: Springer Berlin Heidelberg (Berlin/Heidelberg )

ISSN (Print): 0940-1334

ISSN (Electronic): 1433-8491

Publication date (Electronic): 5 May 2022

Publication date PMC-release: 5 May 2022

Publication date (Print): 2023

Volume: 273

Issue: 1

Pages: 209-217

Affiliations

[1 ]GRID grid.4488.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2111 7257, Translational Developmental Neuroscience Section, Division of Psychological and Social Medicine and Developmental Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, , Technische Universität Dresden, ; Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany

[2 ]GRID grid.1012.2, ISNI 0000 0004 1936 7910, Centre and Discipline of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, , The University of Western Australia, ; Perth, WA Australia

[3 ]GRID grid.414659.b, ISNI 0000 0000 8828 1230, Telethon Kids Institute, ; Perth, WA Australia

[4 ]GRID grid.275559.9, ISNI 0000 0000 8517 6224, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, , Jena University Hospital, Friedrich Schiller University, ; Jena, Germany

[5 ]GRID grid.4488.0, ISNI 0000 0001 2111 7257, Eating Disorder Research and Treatment Center, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, , Technische Universität Dresden, ; Dresden, Germany

Author information

Stefan Ehrlich http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2132-4445

Article

Publisher ID: 1414

DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01414-8

PMC ID: 9957824

PubMed ID: 35511296

SO-VID: 155ef7ab-c8fc-4d35-9d31-23cf6d36d1d2

License:

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

Date received : 21 January 2022

Date accepted : 11 April 2022

Funding

Funded by: FundRef http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659, Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft;

Award ID: EH 367/5-1

Award ID: SFB 940/2

Award Recipient : Stefan Ehrlich

Funded by: Technische Universität Dresden (1019)

Open Access :

Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL.

Custom metadata

ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurosciences

Keywords: anorexia nervosa,eating disorders,anxiety,tryptophan,serotonin

Data availability:

ScienceOpen disciplines: Neurosciences

Keywords: anorexia nervosa, eating disorders, anxiety, tryptophan, serotonin

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No effects of acute tryptophan depletion on anxiety or mood in weight-recovered female patients with anorexia nervosa

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Abstract

Background

Methods

Results

Discussion

Supplementary Information

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Serotonin and BEYOND

Most cited references 53

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