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      Prevalência e fatores associados para sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de uma cidade no Sul do Brasil Translated title: Prevalence of overweight and obesity and associated factors among schoolchildren in a southern Brazilian city

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          Abstract

          Foi realizado um estudo transversal com o objetivo de determinar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade e os fatores associados ao excesso de peso corporal, em um grupo de escolares de 11 a 13 anos, residentes em Capão da Canoa, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. A técnica de amostragem utilizada foi estratificada, proporcional ao número de alunos de cada escola. O estado nutricional foi avaliado mediante os pontos de corte do índice de massa corporal (IMC) de acordo com a idade e o sexo, propostos por Cole et al. no ano 2000. Foram analisadas variáveis sócio-econômicas, demográficas, genéticas e comportamentais. Foram entrevistados 719 escolares em 11 escolas, destes, 541 (75,2%) apresentaram IMC considerado normal, 153 (21,3%) escolares apresentaram sobrepeso e 25 (3,5%) obesidade. Encontrou-se associação estatisticamente significativa com tipo de escola, estado nutricional dos pais, nível de atividade física e tempo de conduta sedentária. A prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade encontrada nos escolares avaliados mostrou-se elevada (24,8%), e, de acordo com a encontrada na literatura, confirmando a magnitude e gravidade que o problema assumiu entre os escolares de todo o Brasil.

          Translated abstract

          This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a group of 11-13-year-old schoolchildren in Capão da Canoa, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, and to investigate the association with possible risk factors for excess body weight. The sample was stratified, proportional to the number of pupils in each school. Nutritional status was assessed by body mass index (BMI) cutoffs according to age and gender as proposed by Cole et al. (2000). Socioeconomic, demographic, genetic, and behavior variables were analyzed. 719 children from 11 schools were interviewed, of whom there were 541 (75.2%) with normal BMI, 153 (21.3%) with overweight, and 25 (3.5%) with obesity. Statistically significant associations were found with type of school, parents' nutritional status, level of physical activity, and time of sedentary behavior. Prevalence of overweight and obesity in these schoolchildren was high (24.8%), in keeping with the literature, confirming the problem's magnitude and severity in Brazil.

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          Explaining trends in inequities: evidence from Brazilian child health studies.

          There is considerable international concern that child-health inequities seem to be getting worse between and within richer and poorer countries. The "inverse equity hypothesis" is proposed to explain how such health inequities may get worse, remain the same, or improve over time. We postulate that as new public-health interventions and programmes initially reach those of higher socioeconomic status and only later affect the poor, there are early increases in inequity ratios for coverage, morbidity, and mortality indicators. Inequities only improve later when the rich have achieved new minimum achievable levels for morbidity and mortality and the poor gain greater access to the interventions. The hypothesis was examined using three epidemiological data sets for time trends in child-health inequities within Brazil. Time trends for inequity ratios for morbidity and mortality, which were consistent with the hypothesis, showed both improvements and deterioration over time, despite the indicators showing absolute improvements in health status between rich and poor.
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            Predicting obesity in young adulthood from childhood and parental obesity.

            Childhood obesity increases the risk of obesity in adulthood, but how parental obesity affects the chances of a child's becoming an obese adult is unknown. We investigated the risk of obesity in young adulthood associated with both obesity in childhood and obesity in one or both parents. Height and weight measurements were abstracted from the records of 854 subjects born at a health maintenance organization in Washington State between 1965 and 1971. Their parents' medical records were also reviewed. Childhood obesity was defined as a body-mass index at or above the 85th percentile for age and sex, and obesity in adulthood as a mean body-mass index at or above 27.8 for men and 27.3 for women. In young adulthood (defined as 21 to 29 years of age), 135 subjects (16 percent) were obese. Among those who were obese during childhood, the chance of obesity in adulthood ranged from 8 percent for 1- or 2-year-olds without obese parents to 79 percent for 10-to-14-year-olds with at least one obese parent. After adjustment for parental obesity, the odds ratios for obesity in adulthood associated with childhood obesity ranged from 1.3 (95 percent confidence interval, 0.6 to 3.0) for obesity at 1 or 2 years of age to 17.5 (7.7 to 39.5) for obesity at 15 to 17 years of age. After adjustment for the child's obesity status, the odds ratios for obesity in adulthood associated with having one obese parent ranged from 2.2 (95 percent confidence interval, 1.1 to 4.3) at 15 to 17 years of age to 3.2 (1.8 to 5.7) at 1 or 2 years of age. Obese children under three years of age without obese parents are at low risk for obesity in adulthood, but among older children, obesity is an increasingly important predictor of adult obesity, regardless of whether the parents are obese. Parental obesity more than doubles the risk of adult obesity among both obese and nonobese children under 10 years of age.
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              Obesity: preventing and manag-ing the global epidemic

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                csp
                Cadernos de Saúde Pública
                Cad. Saúde Pública
                Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil )
                0102-311X
                1678-4464
                June 2007
                : 23
                : 6
                : 1361-1371
                Affiliations
                [03] Pelotas orgnameUniversidade Federal de Pelotas orgdiv1Faculdade de Medicina Brasil
                [02] São Leopoldo orgnameUniversidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos orgdiv1Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva Brasil
                [01] Porto Alegre orgnamePontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul orgdiv1Faculdade de Educação Física e Ciência do Desporto Brasil
                Article
                S0102-311X2007000600011 S0102-311X(07)02300611
                10.1590/S0102-311X2007000600011
                11102849-7562-411d-8851-f7de6bb86d0f

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 13 July 2006
                : 09 January 2007
                : 04 December 2006
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 37, Pages: 11
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI: Texto completo somente em PDF (PT)
                Categories
                Artigos

                Obesity,Estado Nutricional,Obesidade,Cross-Sectional Studies,Students,Exercise,Nutritional Status,Estudos Transversais,Exercício,Estudantes

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