Bacterial extracellular vesicles as bioactive nanocarriers for drug delivery: Advances and perspectives

There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

Abstract

Nanosized extracellular vesicles derived from bacteria contain diverse cargo and transfer intercellular bioactive molecules to cells. Due to their favorable intercellular interactions, cell membrane-derived bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) have great potential to become novel drug delivery platforms. In this review, we summarize the biogenesis mechanism and compositions of various BEVs. In addition, an overview of effective isolation and purification techniques of BEVs is provided. In particular, we focus on the application of BEVs as bioactive nanocarriers for drug delivery. Finally, we summarize the advances and challenges of BEVs after providing a comprehensive discussion in each section. We believe that a deeper understanding of BEVs will open new avenues for their exploitation in drug delivery applications.

Graphical abstract

Highlights

•

Bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) are excellent nanomaterials as drug delivery systems.
•

The unique nanosized structures and biofunctions of BEVs are attractive for their use as nanomedicine platforms.
•

BEVs have been investigated as biotherapeutics due to their loading capacity, ease of modification and industrialization.
•

This review provides new insights of BEVs in drug delivery applications, discussing potential opportunities and challenges.

Related collections

Most cited references 166

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Gut microbiome modulates response to anti–PD-1 immunotherapy in melanoma patients

J. Wargo, M Davies, J E Gershenwald … (2018)

Pre-clinical mouse models suggest that the gut microbiome modulates tumor response to checkpoint blockade immunotherapy; however, this has not been well-characterized in human cancer patients. Here we examined the oral and gut microbiome of melanoma patients undergoing anti-PD-1 immunotherapy (n=112). Significant differences were observed in the diversity and composition of the patient gut microbiome of responders (R) versus non-responders (NR). Analysis of patient fecal microbiome samples (n=43, 30R, 13NR) showed significantly higher alpha diversity (p<0.01) and relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae bacteria (p<0.01) in responding patients. Metagenomic studies revealed functional differences in gut bacteria in R including enrichment of anabolic pathways. Immune profiling suggested enhanced systemic and anti-tumor immunity in responding patients with a favorable gut microbiome, as well as in germ-free mice receiving fecal transplants from responding patients. Together, these data have important implications for the treatment of melanoma patients with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

0 comments Cited 1420 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

Gut microbiota in human metabolic health and disease

Yong Fan, Oluf Pedersen (2020)

Observational findings achieved during the past two decades suggest that the intestinal microbiota may contribute to the metabolic health of the human host and, when aberrant, to the pathogenesis of various common metabolic disorders including obesity, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic liver disease, cardio-metabolic diseases and malnutrition. However, to gain a mechanistic understanding of how the gut microbiota affects host metabolism, research is moving from descriptive microbiota census analyses to cause-and-effect studies. Joint analyses of high-throughput human multi-omics data, including metagenomics and metabolomics data, together with measures of host physiology and mechanistic experiments in humans, animals and cells hold potential as initial steps in the identification of potential molecular mechanisms behind reported associations. In this Review, we discuss the current knowledge on how gut microbiota and derived microbial compounds may link to metabolism of the healthy host or to the pathogenesis of common metabolic diseases. We highlight examples of microbiota-targeted interventions aiming to optimize metabolic health, and we provide perspectives for future basic and translational investigations within the nascent and promising research field.

0 comments Cited 1198 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

Record: found
Abstract: found
Article: not found

The human tumor microbiome is composed of tumor type–specific intracellular bacteria

Deborah Nejman, Ilana Livyatan, Garold Fuks … (2020)

Bacteria were first detected in human tumors more than 100 years ago, but the characterization of the tumor microbiome has remained challenging because of its low biomass. We undertook a comprehensive analysis of the tumor microbiome, studying 1526 tumors and their adjacent normal tissues across seven cancer types, including breast, lung, ovary, pancreas, melanoma, bone, and brain tumors. We found that each tumor type has a distinct microbiome composition and that breast cancer has a particularly rich and diverse microbiome. The intratumor bacteria are mostly intracellular and are present in both cancer and immune cells. We also noted correlations between intratumor bacteria or their predicted functions with tumor types and subtypes, patients’ smoking status, and the response to immunotherapy.

0 comments Cited 724 times – based on 0 reviews      Review now

Bookmark

All references

Author and article information

Contributors

Weizong Weng

Yingying Jing

Jiacan Su

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Bioact Mater

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Bioact Mater

Title: Bioactive Materials

Publisher: KeAi Publishing

ISSN (Electronic): 2452-199X

Publication date PMC-release: 17 December 2021

Publication date Collection: August 2022

Publication date (Electronic): 17 December 2021

Volume: 14

Pages: 169-181

Affiliations

[a ]Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China

[b ]Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Zhongye Hospital, Shanghai, China

Author notes

[∗ ]Corresponding author. Institute of Translational Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, China. jiacansu@ 123456smmu.edu.cn

[∗∗ ]Corresponding author. drwengweizong@ 123456163.com

[∗∗∗ ]Corresponding author. jingy4172@ 123456shu.edu.cn

Article

Publisher Item ID: S2452-199X(21)00561-2

DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.12.006

PMC ID: 8892084

PubMed ID: 35310361

SO-VID: 0e9fb526-1fc7-42f6-837c-68e00837222d

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

History

Date received : 23 November 2021

Date revision received : 1 December 2021

Date accepted : 8 December 2021

Comments

Comment on this article

scite_

Cited by 46

See all cited by

Most referenced authors 2,108

See all reference authors

- Version 1

Bacterial extracellular vesicles as bioactive nanocarriers for drug delivery: Advances and perspectives

Read this article at

Abstract

Graphical abstract

Highlights

Related collections