Weight, Shape, and Body Composition Changes at Menopause

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Abstract

Obesity and overweight are associated with increased risks of cardiovascular and metabolic disease and overall poor health outcomes. Menopause is associated with significant changes in body composition and the accumulation of peri-abdominal or visceral fat. Changes in energy expenditure and spontaneous activity have been noted. These mid-life changes can add further to the burden of obesity and its associated risks. An understanding of the role of estrogen, gonadotrophins, gut hormones, sleep deprivation and the microbiome is still rudimentary, but research will ultimately provide further targets for more effective management. This narrative review will explore the pathogenesis of body composition changes at menopause, the impact on health outcomes and therapeutic and management options.

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Most cited references 42

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Midlife Health

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Midlife Health

Journal ID (publisher-id): JMH

Title: Journal of Mid-Life Health

Publisher: Wolters Kluwer - Medknow (India )

ISSN (Print): 0976-7800

ISSN (Electronic): 0976-7819

Publication date (Print): Jul-Sep 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 16 October 2021

Volume: 12

Issue: 3

Pages: 187-192

Affiliations

[1]Oxford Women's Health, Christchurch, New Zealand

Author notes

Address for correspondence: Dr. Anna Fenton, Oxford Women‘s Health, 132 Peterborough Street, Christchurch 8013, New Zealand. E-mail: a_fenton@ 123456xtra.co.nz

Article

Publisher ID: JMH-12-187

DOI: 10.4103/jmh.jmh_123_21

PMC ID: 8569454

PubMed ID: 34759699

SO-VID: 0bdcb4f2-3349-4dad-b0f0-a918c1760339

License:

This is an open access journal, and articles are distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 License, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work non-commercially, as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.

History

Date received : 10 July 2021

Date revision received : 03 September 2021

Date accepted : 04 September 2021

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