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      Léiomyomatose intraveineuse de l'utérus: Un cas intriguant révélé par un examen anatomopathologique Translated title: Intravenous Leiomyomatosis of the Uterus: An Intriguing Case Revealed through Anatomopathological Examination

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          RESUME

          Introduction: La léiomyomatose intraveineuse (LIV) est un type rare de léiomyome utérin (son incidence est de 0,25% à 0,4% des patientes qui présentent un fibrome utérin) qui se caractérise par la formation et la croissance des cellules musculaires lisses dans la paroi vasculaire ou la lumière lymphatique. Nous présentons un cas de stade précoce de LIV traitée avec succès par un traitement chirurgical radical et une revue de la littérature. Observation: Une femme âgée de 49 ans, deuxième pare deuxième geste, s'est présentée dans notre service pour des douleurs hypogastriques. À l’examen physique, une masse palpable dans l’hypogastre a été notée. L'échographie pelvienne a montré un utérus augmenté de taille avec multiples léiomyomes hétérogènes. Vu que la patiente était symptomatique et ayant son capital d’enfants, la décision a été de réaliser une hystérectomie abdominale totale avec annexectomie bilatérale. À l'examen anatomopathologique, une croissance intravasculaire de cellules musculaires lisses bénignes a été notée. Le diagnostic de LIV de l'utérus sans transformation maligne a été confirmé. La patiente a été surveillée pendant 14 mois et la tomodensitométrie ultérieure n'a révélé aucun signe de récidive tumorale. Conclusion: La LIV est une pathologie bénigne, rare et potentiellement mortelle. Ces manifestations cliniques sont non spécifiques. Elle nécessite un traitement chirurgical le plus souvent radical et un suivi étroit et prolongé en raison du risque élevé de récidive.

          ABSTRACT

          Introduction: Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL), a rare type of uterine leiomyoma (its incidence is about 0.25% to 0.40% of patients who present uterine fibroma), is characterized by the formation and growth of benign leiomyoma tissue within the vascular wall or lymphatic lumen. Herein, we presented a case of early stage of IVL successfully treated by surgical removal and a review of actual medical recommendations. Observation: A 49-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 2, presented to our department with hypogastric pain. On physical examination, a palpable mass in the hypogastrium was noted. Pelvic ultrasound showed a huge uterus with multiple heterogeneous leiomyomas. As the patient was symptomatic and as she had completed their family plan, the decision to perform a total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy was taken. On pathological examination, intravascular growth of benign smooth muscle cell was found within venous channels lined by endothelium. The diagnosis of IVL of the uterus without malignant transformation was confirmed. The patient was monitored for 14 months, and subsequent computed tomography did not reveal any evidence of tumor recurrence. Conclusion: IVL is a benign, rare and potentially lethal pathology. Clinical manifestations are nonspecific. IVL needs surgical treatment for diagnosis and therapeutic purposes. They require close and prolonged follow-up because of the high risk of recurrence.

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          Different surgical strategies of patients with intravenous leiomyomatosis

          Abstract Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare benign tumor. The study aimed to assess outcomes of patients treated surgically for IVL. Between November 2002 and January 2015, 76 patients were treated for IVL. The stage of IVL was evaluated preoperatively by echocardiography and enhanced computerized tomography (CT) scan, and graded into 4 stages according to intravascular tumor progression. We recorded age, lower limb edema before surgery, surgical parameters, and hospitalization expenses. Patients were followed up every 6 months and tumor recurrence was assessed by CT and ultrasound. Patients were followed up for a mean of 4.5 ± 2.5 years (range 1–13 years) and there was no operative, hospital, or long-term mortality or were lost to follow-up. The rate of lower extremity edema, amount of blood loss, postoperative transfusion, length of intensive care unit (ICU) stay, postoperative hospitalization, and hospitalization expenses differed significantly between patients at different presurgery stages. Tumors recurred in 4 of 7 patients with stage I IVL that opted for surgery that preserved the ovaries and uterus. No recurrence was observed in patients graded stage II or more, in all of which the uterus and ovaries were removed. Recurrence was observed in only 4 of 76 cases of IVL, all of whom opted for surgery that spared the ovaries and uterus. Different surgical strategies should be decided based on the staging to completely remove the tumor and ensure the safety of patients. Removal of both ovaries is necessary for inhibiting tumor growth and avoiding recurrence.
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            Intravenous leiomyomatosis of the uterus: A clinicopathological analysis of nine cases and literature review

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              Intravenous leiomyomatosis with different surgical approaches: Three case reports

              BACKGROUND Intravenous leiomyomatosis (IVL) is a rare and complicated disease, which requires surgery by a multidisciplinary team. However, the optimal surgical approach has not been determined. CASE SUMMARY Here we report three cases of IVL treated with different surgical approaches. All patients presented with circulation symptoms. Two patients had lower extremity edema and the other had cardiopalmus. The diagnosis of IVL was confirmed based on the imagining examinations and pathological findings. All patients underwent surgical treatment and were discharged without any complications. CONCLUSION Preoperative examination is crucial for surgical planning and surgical approach is dependent on the patient’s condition and tumor involvement.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Tunis Med
                Tunis Med
                Tunis Med
                La Tunisie Médicale
                Tunisian Society of Medical Sciences
                0041-4131
                2724-7031
                October 2024
                05 October 2024
                : 102
                : 10
                : 722-724
                Affiliations
                [1] 1. Emergency Department Maternity and neonatology center of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. Faculty of medicine of Tunis, university Tunis el manar Tunisia
                [2] 2. Department of Gynecology « C » Maternity and neonatology center of Tunis, Tunis, Tunisia. Faculty of medicine of Tunis university Tunis el manar Tunisia
                [3] 3. Department of histology, Salah Azaiez Institut, Tunisia. Faculty of medicine of Tunis university Tunis el manar Tunisia
                Article
                10.62438/tunismed.v102i10.5139
                11574368
                39441157
                0b6bf99c-7e8a-4b19-99b7-91ae67457d1c
                Copyright @ 2022

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Unported License. To view a copy of this license, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

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                Article

                hystérectomie,léiomyomatose intraveineuse,pronostic,tumeur bénigne,benign neoplasm,hysterectomy,intravenous leiomyomatosis,prognosis

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