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      Normierung der Adult ADHD Self-Report-Scale-V1.1 und der ADHS Selbstbeurteilungsskala an einer repräsentativen deutschsprachigen Stichprobe

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          Abstract

          Zusammenfassung. Die beiden Verfahren Adult ADHD Self-Report-Scale-V1.1 (ASRS-V1.1) und ADHS-Selbstbeurteilungsskala (ADHS-SB) sind häufig eingesetzte Instrumente zur Diagnostik einer adulten ADHS. Für beide Verfahren steht allerdings eine Normierung für die deutschsprachige Allgemeinbevölkerung bisher aus. Zur Erstellung von repräsentativen Normwerten der Skalen für die Allgemeinbevölkerung wurden N = 640 Personen (300 Männer, 340 Frauen) in der deutschsprachigen Schweiz rekrutiert. Mit Hilfe von Varianzanalysen mit den Haupteffekten Geschlecht und Alter wurde ermittelt, dass altersspezifische Normen sinnvoll sind. Es wurden daher für beide Selbstbeurteilungsverfahren Normierungen für die Gesamtbevölkerung, als auch für verschiedene Altersränge (18 – 19; 20 – 39; 40 – 64 und über 64) bestimmt. Für beide Selbstbeurteilungsverfahren wurden Prozentränge und Stanine-Werte berechnet. Infolgedessen wurden kritische Werte entwickelt, bei deren Erreichen unbedingt eine genaue ADHS Abklärung stattfinden sollte.

          Standardization of the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-v1.1 and the ADHD Self-Report Scale in a Representative German-Speaking Sample

          Abstract. The Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale-v1.1 (ASRS-v1.1) and ADHD Self-Report Scale (ADHD-SR) are two frequently used inventories for the diagnosis of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To date, there are no norm values for the German-speaking general population for both of these measurements. We recruited 640 people (300 men, 340 women) in the German-speaking part of Switzerland to create representative norm values of the scales for the general population. With analysis of variance we found that age-specific standards are useful. Therefore, we calculated norms for the general population, as well as for different age groups (18 – 19; 20 – 39; 40 – 64, and over 64 years). Percentile ranks and stanine scores were calculated for both questionnaires. Additionally, cut-off values, indicating an ADHD diagnostic procedure, are reported.

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          The World Health Organization Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS): a short screening scale for use in the general population.

          A self-report screening scale of adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the World Health Organization (WHO) Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale (ASRS) was developed in conjunction with revision of the WHO Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). The current report presents data on concordance of the ASRS and of a short-form ASRS screener with blind clinical diagnoses in a community sample. The ASRS includes 18 questions about frequency of recent DSM-IV Criterion A symptoms of adult ADHD. The ASRS screener consists of six out of these 18 questions that were selected based on stepwise logistic regression to optimize concordance with the clinical classification. ASRS responses were compared to blind clinical ratings of DSM-IV adult ADHD in a sample of 154 respondents who previously participated in the US National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R), oversampling those who reported childhood ADHD and adult persistence. Each ASRS symptom measure was significantly related to the comparable clinical symptom rating, but varied substantially in concordance (Cohen's kappa in the range 0.16-0.81). Optimal scoring to predict clinical syndrome classifications was to sum unweighted dichotomous responses across all 18 ASRS questions. However, because of the wide variation in symptom-level concordance, the unweighted six-question ASRS screener outperformed the unweighted 18-question ASRS in sensitivity (68.7% v. 56.3%), specificity (99.5% v. 98.3%), total classification accuracy (97.9% v. 96.2%), and kappa (0.76 v. 0.58). Clinical calibration in larger samples might show that a weighted version of the 18-question ASRS outperforms the six-question ASRS screener. Until that time, however, the unweighted screener should be preferred to the full ASRS, both in community surveys and in clinical outreach and case-finding initiatives.
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            Age-Dependent Decline of Symptoms of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Impact of Remission Definition and Symptom Type

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              Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: a category or a continuum? Genetic analysis of a large-scale twin study.

              To investigate heritability and continuum versus categorical approaches to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), using a large-scale twin sample. A cohort of 1,938 families with twins and siblings aged 4 to 12 years, recruited from the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Twin Registry, was assessed for ADHD using a DSM-III-R-based maternal rating scale. Probandwise concordance rates and correlations in monozygotic and dizygotic twins and siblings were calculated, and heritability was examined using the De Fries and Fulker regression technique. There was a narrow (additive) heritability of 0.75 to 0.91 which was robust across familial relationships (twin, sibling, and twin-sibling) and across definitions of ADHD as part of a continuum or as a disorder with various symptom cutoffs. There was no evidence for nonadditive genetic variation or for shared family environmental effects. These findings suggest that ADHD is best viewed as the extreme of a behavior that varies genetically throughout the entire population rather than as a disorder with discrete determinants. This has implications for the classification of ADHD and for the identification of genes for this behavior, as well as implications for diagnosis and treatment.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                dia
                Diagnostica
                Zeitschrift für Psychologische Diagnostik und Differentielle Psychologie
                Hogrefe Verlag, Göttingen
                0012-1924
                2190-622X
                2. Mai 2016
                2016
                : 62
                : 4
                : 199-211
                Author notes
                Dr. phil. Beatrice Mörstedt, Universität Basel, Fakultät für Psychologie, Klinische Psychologie und Psychiatrie, Missionsstrasse 60/62, 4055 Basel, Schweiz, E-Mail bea.moerstedt@ 123456unibas.ch
                Dr. phil. Salvatore Corbisiero, Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Rolf-Dieter Stieglitz, Universitäre Psychiatrische Kliniken Basel, Wilhelm-Klein-Strasse 27, 4012 Basel, Schweiz
                Article
                dia_62_4_199
                10.1026/0012-1924/a000154
                09e9b42d-5b1a-44e3-af35-6c791b4e54d3
                Copyright @ 2016
                History
                Categories
                Originalarbeit

                Psychology,Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Normierung,ASRS-V1.1,ADHS-SB,ADHS,Erwachsene,standardization,ASRS-v1.1,ADHD-SR,ADHD,adults

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