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      Self-reported health and prior health behaviors of newly admitted correctional inmates

      American Journal of Public Health
      American Public Health Association

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          Abstract

          OBJECTIVES: This study obtained comprehensive health information from newly admitted correctional inmates. METHODS: Interviews were conducted with 1198 inmates on day 3 of their incarceration. RESULTS: Interviewers found a high prevalence of chronic medical and mental health issues, limited access to health care, high rates of infections and sexually transmitted diseases, substantial substance abuse, other unhealthy behaviors and violence, and a strong desire for help with health-related problems. CONCLUSIONS: The data document the need to apply the public health approach to correctional health care, including detection and early treatment of disease, education and prevention to facilitate health and behavior change, and continuity of care into the community.

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          Correctional health care: a public health opportunity.

          The approximately 1.2 million inmates in U.S. correctional institutions have a high prevalence of communicable diseases, such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, tuberculosis, hepatitis B virus infection, and gonorrhea. Before their incarceration, most inmates had limited access to health care, which, together with poor compliance because of lifestyle, made them difficult to identify and treat in the general community. Because of the high yearly turnover (approximately 800% and 50% in jails and prisons, respectively), the criminal justice system can play an important public health role both during incarceration and in the immediate postrelease period. A public policy agenda for criminal justice should include an epidemiologic orientation, as well as resources for education, counseling, early detection, and treatment. Taking advantage of the period of confinement would serve both the individual and society by controlling communicable diseases in large urban communities.
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            Self-rated health among Hispanic vs non-Hispanic white adults: the San Luis Valley Health and Aging Study.

            This study investigated whether objective health indicators explained lower self-rated health among Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic Whites. It also considered socioeconomic and cultural explanations. Health ratings of 429 Hispanics and 583 non-Hispanic Whites aged 20 through 74 were analyzed with logistic regression. Illness indicators were found to be strongly correlated with self-rated health in both ethnic groups, but after such markers were controlled for, Hispanics remained 3.6 times more likely to report fair or poor health (95% confidence interval = 2.4, 5.3). Adjustment for socioeconomic factors accounted for a portion of Hispanics' lower health rating, but the strongest explanatory factor was acculturation. Because of cultural and economic influences on definitions of health, ethnic differences in self-assessed health may not accurately reflected patterns resulting from objective health measurements.
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              Treatment of substance-abusing jail inmates Examination of gender differences

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                American Journal of Public Health
                Am J Public Health
                American Public Health Association
                0090-0036
                1541-0048
                December 01 2000
                December 01 2000
                : 90
                : 12
                : 1939-1941
                Article
                10.2105/AJPH.90.12.1939
                1446449
                11111273
                0467d38c-c3a6-4b50-94cc-854a93aab495
                © 2000
                History

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