Medicinal plants: Adjunct treatment to tuberculosis chemotherapy to prevent hepatic damage

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Abstract

The effectiveness of herbs for the management of chemically induced hepatotoxicity has been discussed by many researchers. However, there is a paucity of compressive literature on the significance of hepatoprotective plants for the management of anti-TB drug induced toxicity. Anti-TB drugs have been reported to causes hepatic damage, due to which, many patients across the globe discontinued the treatment. Medicinal plants have multiple therapeutic effects. The assessment of biological activity of plants against Mycobacterium and its use for hepatic recovery provides an effective treatment approach. Traditionally used medicinal plants are the rich source of phytochemicals and secondary metabolites. These compounds can restore normal function, enzymatic activity and structure of hepatic cells against anti-TB drug induced hepatotoxicity. The present review covers comprehensive details on different hepatoprotective and antimycobacterial plants studied during past few decades so that potential adjuvants can be studied for Tuberculosis chemotherapy.

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The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety

Martins Ekor (2014)

The use of herbal medicinal products and supplements has increased tremendously over the past three decades with not less than 80% of people worldwide relying on them for some part of primary healthcare. Although therapies involving these agents have shown promising potential with the efficacy of a good number of herbal products clearly established, many of them remain untested and their use are either poorly monitored or not even monitored at all. The consequence of this is an inadequate knowledge of their mode of action, potential adverse reactions, contraindications, and interactions with existing orthodox pharmaceuticals and functional foods to promote both safe and rational use of these agents. Since safety continues to be a major issue with the use of herbal remedies, it becomes imperative, therefore, that relevant regulatory authorities put in place appropriate measures to protect public health by ensuring that all herbal medicines are safe and of suitable quality. This review discusses toxicity-related issues and major safety concerns arising from the use of herbal medicinal products and also highlights some important challenges associated with effective monitoring of their safety.

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Oxidative stress: an essential factor in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal mucosal diseases.

Asima Bhattacharyya, Ranajoy Chattopadhyay, Sankar Mitra … (2014)

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated as by-products of normal cellular metabolic activities. Superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase are the enzymes involved in protecting cells from the damaging effects of ROS. ROS are produced in response to ultraviolet radiation, cigarette smoking, alcohol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ischemia-reperfusion injury, chronic infections, and inflammatory disorders. Disruption of normal cellular homeostasis by redox signaling may result in cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases and cancer. ROS are produced within the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, but their roles in pathophysiology and disease pathogenesis have not been well studied. Despite the protective barrier provided by the mucosa, ingested materials and microbial pathogens can induce oxidative injury and GI inflammatory responses involving the epithelium and immune/inflammatory cells. The pathogenesis of various GI diseases including peptic ulcers, gastrointestinal cancers, and inflammatory bowel disease is in part due to oxidative stress. Unraveling the signaling events initiated at the cellular level by oxidative free radicals as well as the physiological responses to such stress is important to better understand disease pathogenesis and to develop new therapies to manage a variety of conditions for which current therapies are not always sufficient.

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Natural products: a continuing source of novel drug leads.

Gordon M. Cragg, David J Newman (2013)

Nature has been a source of medicinal products for millennia, with many useful drugs developed from plant sources. Following discovery of the penicillins, drug discovery from microbial sources occurred and diving techniques in the 1970s opened the seas. Combinatorial chemistry (late 1980s), shifted the focus of drug discovery efforts from Nature to the laboratory bench. This review traces natural products drug discovery, outlining important drugs from natural sources that revolutionized treatment of serious diseases. It is clear Nature will continue to be a major source of new structural leads, and effective drug development depends on multidisciplinary collaborations. The explosion of genetic information led not only to novel screens, but the genetic techniques permitted the implementation of combinatorial biosynthetic technology and genome mining. The knowledge gained has allowed unknown molecules to be identified. These novel bioactive structures can be optimized by using combinatorial chemistry generating new drug candidates for many diseases. The advent of genetic techniques that permitted the isolation / expression of biosynthetic cassettes from microbes may well be the new frontier for natural products lead discovery. It is now apparent that biodiversity may be much greater in those organisms. The numbers of potential species involved in the microbial world are many orders of magnitude greater than those of plants and multi-celled animals. Coupling these numbers to the number of currently unexpressed biosynthetic clusters now identified (>10 per species) the potential of microbial diversity remains essentially untapped. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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Pawan Kumar Singh

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Ayurveda Integr Med

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Ayurveda Integr Med

Title: Journal of Ayurveda and Integrative Medicine

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN (Print): 0975-9476

ISSN (Electronic): 0976-2809

Publication date PMC-release: 31 October 2019

Publication date (Print): Oct-Dec 2020

Publication date (Electronic): 31 October 2019

Volume: 11

Issue: 4

Pages: 522-528

Affiliations

[1]Value Addition Research and Development-Human Health, National Innovation Foundation-India, Grambharti, Mahudi Road, Gandhinagar, 382650, Gujarat, India

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[∗ ]Corresponding author. pksinghbio@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher Item ID: S0975-9476(18)30705-8

DOI: 10.1016/j.jaim.2019.02.004

PMC ID: 7772497

PubMed ID: 31679802

SO-VID: 029d2d3b-8594-4d00-be6e-2853fd8f7225

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

History

Date received : 7 August 2018

Date revision received : 29 December 2018

Date accepted : 18 February 2019

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Medicinal plants: Adjunct treatment to tuberculosis chemotherapy to prevent hepatic damage

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The International Journal of Person Centered Medicine

Most cited references 91

The growing use of herbal medicines: issues relating to adverse reactions and challenges in monitoring safety

Oxidative stress: an essential factor in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal mucosal diseases.

Natural products: a continuing source of novel drug leads.

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