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      Tracking Health Beyond Recovery: A Study on Identifying Post-COVID Syndrome Symptoms

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          A bstract

          Context

          The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound global impact, leaving a lasting legacy in the form of post-COVID syndrome. This condition, experienced after recovering from the virus, manifests in symptoms, such as fatigue, cough, shortness of breath, joint pain, and brain fog, highlighting the virus's lingering influence on the human body.

          Aim

          To Identify post-COVID syndrome symptoms among COVID-19 recovered patients from Karad Taluka.

          Materials and methods

          A study involving 228 COVID-19-recovered individuals from a Karad tertiary care hospital used consecutive sampling. Data were collected via structured questionnaires, focused on post-COVID syndrome symptoms.

          Statistical analysis used

          Frequency and percentage were used to analyze the presence of post-COVID syndrome symptoms.

          Results

          A total of 228 COVID-19-recovered individuals were included in the study, of whom 53% were male and 47% were female. Most of the study subjects had 25 (10.9%) mild, 138 (60.5%) moderate, and 65 (28.5%) severe symptoms. Symptom-wise, the majority of the subjects experienced symptoms: fatigue 116 (50.8% moderate), shortness of breath 135 (58.3% moderate), cough 116 (50.8%), sore throat 115 (50.4% mild), chest pain (57% mild), joint pain 151 (66.2% severe), brain fog 103 (45% severe). Most (43%) experienced symptoms for 12 months, that is, 1 year.

          Conclusion

          The results depict the recovered individuals continue to experience symptoms. The most common symptoms are fatigue, shortness of breath, and cough in varied severity (from mild, moderate, and severe).

          How to cite this article

          Walvekar SS, Mohite VR. Tracking Health Beyond Recovery: A Study on Identifying Post-COVID Syndrome symptoms. Indian J Crit Care Med 2024;28(2):170–174.

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          Most cited references11

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          Post-acute COVID-19 syndrome

          Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the pathogen responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, which has resulted in global healthcare crises and strained health resources. As the population of patients recovering from COVID-19 grows, it is paramount to establish an understanding of the healthcare issues surrounding them. COVID-19 is now recognized as a multi-organ disease with a broad spectrum of manifestations. Similarly to post-acute viral syndromes described in survivors of other virulent coronavirus epidemics, there are increasing reports of persistent and prolonged effects after acute COVID-19. Patient advocacy groups, many members of which identify themselves as long haulers, have helped contribute to the recognition of post-acute COVID-19, a syndrome characterized by persistent symptoms and/or delayed or long-term complications beyond 4 weeks from the onset of symptoms. Here, we provide a comprehensive review of the current literature on post-acute COVID-19, its pathophysiology and its organ-specific sequelae. Finally, we discuss relevant considerations for the multidisciplinary care of COVID-19 survivors and propose a framework for the identification of those at high risk for post-acute COVID-19 and their coordinated management through dedicated COVID-19 clinics.
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            Management of post-acute covid-19 in primary care

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              High-dimensional characterization of post-acute sequalae of COVID-19

              The acute clinical manifestations of COVID-19 have been well characterized1,2, but the post-acute sequelae of this disease have not been comprehensively described. Here we use the national healthcare databases of the US Department of Veterans Affairs to systematically and comprehensively identify 6-month incident sequelae-including diagnoses, medication use and laboratory abnormalities-in patients with COVID-19 who survived for at least 30 days after diagnosis. We show that beyond the first 30 days of illness, people with COVID-19 exhibit a higher risk of death and use of health resources. Our high-dimensional approach identifies incident sequelae in the respiratory system, as well as several other sequelae that include nervous system and neurocognitive disorders, mental health disorders, metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, malaise, fatigue, musculoskeletal pain and anaemia. We show increased incident use of several therapeutic agents-including pain medications (opioids and non-opioids) as well as antidepressant, anxiolytic, antihypertensive and oral hypoglycaemic agents-as well as evidence of laboratory abnormalities in several organ systems. Our analysis of an array of prespecified outcomes reveals a risk gradient that increases according to the severity of the acute COVID-19 infection (that is, whether patients were not hospitalized, hospitalized or admitted to intensive care). Our findings show that a substantial burden of health loss that spans pulmonary and several extrapulmonary organ systems is experienced by patients who survive after the acute phase of COVID-19. These results will help to inform health system planning and the development of multidisciplinary care strategies to reduce chronic health loss among individuals with COVID-19.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Indian J Crit Care Med
                Indian J Crit Care Med
                IJCCM
                Indian Journal of Critical Care Medicine : Peer-reviewed, Official Publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine
                Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers
                0972-5229
                1998-359X
                February 2024
                : 28
                : 2
                : 170-174
                Affiliations
                [1,2 ]Department of Nursing (Medical Surgical Nursing), Krishna Institute of Nursing Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India
                Author notes
                Shreyas S Walvekar, Department of Nursing (Medical Surgical Nursing), Krishna Institute of Nursing Sciences, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Karad, Maharashtra, India, Phone: +91 9420265321, e-mail: Shreyaswalvekar53@ 123456gmail.com
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0009-0009-5368-6732
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1066-851X
                Article
                10.5005/jp-journals-10071-24641
                10839930
                38323252
                01fc8b18-0b61-493b-81d6-bb92b7ad09ea
                Copyright © 2024; The Author(s).

                © The Author(s). 2024 Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and non-commercial reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 29 November 2023
                : 29 December 2023
                : 29 January 2024
                Categories
                Original Article

                Emergency medicine & Trauma
                covid-19,persistent symptoms,post-covid syndrome,symptoms persistence after covid-19

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