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      Wearable patches for transdermal drug delivery

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          Abstract

          Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDs) avoid gastrointestinal degradation and hepatic first-pass metabolism, providing good drug bioavailability and patient compliance. One emerging type of TDDs is the wearable patch worn on the skin surface to deliver medication through the skin. They can generally be grouped into passive and active types, depending on the properties of materials, design principles and integrated devices. This review describes the latest advancement in the development of wearable patches, focusing on the integration of stimulus-responsive materials and electronics. This development is deemed to provide a dosage, temporal, and spatial control of therapeutics delivery.

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          This review summarizes the latest development of wearable patch for transdermal drug delivery. These patches are grouped into passive (hydrogel and microneedles) and active systems (responsive to electricity, light and ultrasound stimulation).

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          Wearable/disposable sweat-based glucose monitoring device with multistage transdermal drug delivery module

          Hyunjae Lee, Changyeong Song, Yong-Seok Hong … (2017)
          A sweat-based glucose monitoring device with transdermal drug delivery is developed for noninvasive diabetes treatment.
          Article 0 comments Cited 248 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Drug release kinetics and transport mechanisms of non-degradable and degradable polymeric delivery systems.

            Yao Fu, Weiyuan Kao (2010)
            The advancement in material design and engineering has led to the rapid development of new materials with increasing complexity and functions. Both non-degradable and degradable polymers have found wide applications in the controlled delivery field. Studies on drug release kinetics provide important information into the function of material systems. To elucidate the detailed transport mechanism and the structure-function relationship of a material system, it is critical to bridge the gap between the macroscopic data and the transport behavior at the molecular level. The structure and function information of selected non-degradable and degradable polymers have been collected and summarized from literature published after the 1990s. The release kinetics of selected drug compounds from various material systems is discussed in case studies. Recent progress in the mathematical models based on different transport mechanisms is highlighted. This article aims to provide an overview of structure-function relationships of selected non-degradable and degradable polymers as drug delivery matrices. Understanding the structure-function relationship of the material system is key to the successful design of a delivery system for a particular application. Moreover, developing complex polymeric matrices requires more robust mathematical models to elucidate the solute transport mechanisms.
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              Glucose-responsive insulin patch for the regulation of blood glucose in mice and minipigs

              Jicheng Yu, Jinqiang Wang, Yuqi Zhang … (2020)
              Glucose-responsive insulin delivery systems that mimic pancreatic endocrine function could enhance health and improve quality of life for people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes with reduced β-cell function. However, insulin delivery systems with rapid in vivo glucose-responsive behaviour typically have limited insulin-loading capacities and cannot be manufactured easily. Here, we show that a single removable transdermal patch, bearing microneedles loaded with insulin and a non-degradable glucose-responsive polymeric matrix, and fabricated via in situ photopolymerization, regulated blood glucose in insulin-deficient diabetic mice and minipigs (for minipigs >25kg, glucose regulation lasted >20h with patches of ~5 cm 2 ). Under hyperglycaemic conditions, phenylboronic acid units within the polymeric matrix reversibly form glucose-boronate complexes that–owing to their increased negative charge–induce the swelling of the polymeric matrix and weaken the electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged insulin and polymers, promoting the rapid release of insulin. This proof-of-concept demonstration may aid the development of other translational stimuli-responsive microneedle patches for drug delivery.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Chenjie Xu
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Acta Pharm Sin B
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Acta Pharm Sin B
                Title: Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica. B
                Publisher: Elsevier
                ISSN (Print): 2211-3835
                ISSN (Electronic): 2211-3843
                Publication date PMC-release: 15 May 2023
                Publication date (Print): June 2023
                Publication date (Electronic): 15 May 2023
                Volume: 13
                Issue: 6
                Pages: 2298-2309
                Affiliations
                [a ]Department of Biomedical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
                [b ]Hong Kong Centre for Cerebro-Cardiovascular Health Engineering, Hong Kong 999077, China
                Author notes
                [∗ ]Corresponding author. chenjie.xu@ 123456cityu.edu.hk
                [†]

                These authors made equal contributions to this work.

                Article
                Publisher Item ID: S2211-3835(23)00154-5
                DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.009
                PMC ID: 10326306
                PubMed ID: 37425057
                SO-VID: 01e2d8cf-95a3-485c-9e34-6e65270887d4
                Copyright © © 2023 Chinese Pharmaceutical Association and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences. Production and hosting by Elsevier B.V.
                License:

                This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

                History
                Date received : 6 March 2023
                Date revision received : 10 May 2023
                Date accepted : 11 May 2023
                Categories
                Subject: Review

                Keywords: wearable patch,transdermal delivery,microneedles,drug delivery,biomaterials
                Data availability:
                Keywords: wearable patch, transdermal delivery, microneedles, drug delivery, biomaterials

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