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      Efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi against Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) under laboratory conditions Translated title: Eficiencia de hongos entomopatógenos contra Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) bajo condiciones de laboratorio

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          Abstract

          Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) is a primary insect pest of stored grains. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of 10 different isolates of entomopathogenic fungi as biocontrol agents against R. dominica. The chosen isolates were Beauveria bassiana CEP 545, CEP 560 and CEP 567, Metarhizium robertsii CEP 381 and CEP 401, M. anisopliae sensu lato CEP 615, CEP 616 and CEP 617 and Cordyceps (=Isaria) fumosorosea CEP 303 and CEP 309. Insects were sprayed with a conidial suspension of each fungus and incubated for 15 days under laboratory conditions. Insect mortality (expressed as percentage) and median survival times (MST) were estimated. Beauveria bassiana caused the highest mortality (47-65%), whereas the other fungal isolates caused a maximum mortality of 21%. The B. bassiana CEP 545 and CEP 567 isolates led to an MST of 8 and 9 days, respectively. Among all the isolates tested, B. bassiana CEP 545 was the most efficient as a biocontrol agent. The median lethal concentration (LC50) of this isolate was calculated with five concentrations on day 15 after the treatment. The insect mortality increased with the highest isolate concentrations and the LC50 was estimated in 9.54x10(9) conidia mL-1. This study confirmed that some B. bassiana isolates, especially CEP 545, could be used as biocontrol agents against R. dominica.

          Translated abstract

          Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) es una plaga de insectos primaria en granos almacenados. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la eficiencia de 10 diferentes aislamientos de hongos entomopatógenos como agentes de biocontrol contra R. dominica. Los aislamientos elegidos fueron Beauveria bassiana CEP 545, CEP 560 y CEP 567, Metarhizium robertsii CEP 381 y CEP 401, M. anisopliae sensu lato CEP 615, CEP 616 y CEP 617 y Cordyceps (=Isaria) fumosorosea CEP 303 y CEP 309. Los insectos se rociaron con una suspensión de conidios de cada hongo e incubaron por 15 días bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Se estimó la mortalidad de los insectos (expresada como porcentaje) y el tiempo de supervivencia media (TSM). Beauveria bassiana causó la mayor mortalidad (47-65%), mientras que los otros aislamientos fúngicos causaron una mortalidad máxima de 21%. Los aislamientos de B. bassiana CEP 545 y CEP 567 condujeron un TSM de 8 y 9 días, respectivamente. Entre todos los aislamientos evaluados, B. bassiana CEP 545 fue el más eficiente como agente de biocontrol. La concentración letal media (CL50) de este aislamiento se calculó con cinco concentraciones el día 15 después del tratamiento. La mortalidad de los insectos incrementó con las concentraciones más altas y la CL50 se estimó en 9.54x10(9) conidios mL-1. Este estudio confirmó que algunos aislamientos de B. bassiana, especialmente CEP 545, podrían usarse como agentes de biocontrol contra R. dominica.

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          Most cited references19

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          A review of the biology and control of Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) the lesser grain borer

          Peter Edde (2012)
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            Control of the lesser grain borer (Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) by treatments with residual formulations of Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschnikoff) Sorokin (Deuteromycotina: Hyphomycetes)

            Y.A. Batta (2005)
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              Desiccant dusts synergize the effect of Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycetes: Moniliales) on stored-grain beetles.

              Diatomaceous earth (DE) is a desiccant insecticide and most efficacious in low humidity. It acts on insect cuticle by absorbing lipids, and perhaps by cuticular abrasion. Beauveria bassiana (Balsamo) Vuillemin, an entomopathogenic fungus, is most efficacious in high humidity and has a complex interaction with cuticular lipids. Interaction between these materials may enhance insect control performance. Assays with stored-grain beetles were conducted with B. bassiana at rates of 11, 33, 100, and 300 mg of conidia per kilogram of grain with and without single rates of DE that killed 10% or less of the target beetles. The assays revealed synergism in effects on adult Rhyzopertha dominica (F.) and Oryzaephilus surinamensis (L.) at all doses. There was statistically significant synergism for adult Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens) and larval R. dominica but at only one B. bassiana rate for each target. Both amorphous silicon dioxide, a sorptive dust, and diamond dust, an abrasive, showed synergistic interaction with B. bassiana on adult R. dominica. These results may provide a basis for a least-toxic approach to control of stored-product beetles and for efficacy-enhancing formulation of entomopathogenic fungi.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                refca
                Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo
                Rev. Fac. Cienc. Agrar., Univ. Nac. Cuyo
                Revista de la Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo (Mendoza, , Argentina )
                1853-8665
                1853-8665
                December 2020
                : 52
                : 2
                : 317-324
                Affiliations
                [02] La Plata Buenos Aires orgnameUniversidad Nacional de La Plata orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Forestales Argentina
                [03] Campinas SP orgnameInstituto Biológico orgdiv1Unidade Laboratorial de Referência de Controle Biológico Brazil
                [01] La Plata Buenos Aires orgnameConsejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas orgdiv1Centro de Estudio Parasitológicos y de Vectores Argentina
                Article
                S1853-86652020000200025 S1853-8665(20)05200200025
                42ac1d4f-2836-4008-b2f1-3c9269d6e3be

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 20 December 2019
                : 27 August 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 19, Pages: 8
                Product

                SciELO Argentina

                Categories
                Original Articles

                Biological control,Control biológico,Stored grains,Rhyzopertha dominica,Alternative control,Beauveria bassiana,Granos almacenados,Control alternativo

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