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      Is Open Access

      Chinese expert consensus and practice guideline of totally implantable access port for digestive tract carcinomas

      review-article
      , , Chinese Research Hospital Association Digestive Tumor Committee; Chinese Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons; Chinese Gastric Cancer Association and Gastrointestinal Surgical Group of Chinese Surgical Society Affiliated to the Chinese Medical Association
      World Journal of Gastroenterology
      Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
      Totally implantable access port, Digestive tract tumor, Consensus and guideline, Venous port, Peritoneal port, Arterial port

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          Abstract

          Totally implantable access port is a fully implantable drug delivery system that is implanted subcutaneously and can be retained for a long time. Advantages of ports include a simple nursing process, low risk of infection and embolism, and high patient comfort. In order to promote the standardized application of ports in the treatment of digestive tract tumors and reduce port-related complications, the Chinese Research Hospital Association Digestive Tumor Committee, the Chinese Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, the Chinese Gastric Cancer Association, and the Gastrointestinal Surgical Group of Chinese Surgical Society Affiliated to Chinese Medical Association have organized multidisciplinary expert discussions at the General Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army and nation-wide expert letter reviews and on-site seminars, and formulated an expert consensus of the operation guidelines.

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          Most cited references47

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          GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence.

          This article introduces the approach of GRADE to rating quality of evidence. GRADE specifies four categories-high, moderate, low, and very low-that are applied to a body of evidence, not to individual studies. In the context of a systematic review, quality reflects our confidence that the estimates of the effect are correct. In the context of recommendations, quality reflects our confidence that the effect estimates are adequate to support a particular recommendation. Randomized trials begin as high-quality evidence, observational studies as low quality. "Quality" as used in GRADE means more than risk of bias and so may also be compromised by imprecision, inconsistency, indirectness of study results, and publication bias. In addition, several factors can increase our confidence in an estimate of effect. GRADE provides a systematic approach for considering and reporting each of these factors. GRADE separates the process of assessing quality of evidence from the process of making recommendations. Judgments about the strength of a recommendation depend on more than just the quality of evidence. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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            Clinical practice guidelines for the diagnosis and management of intravascular catheter-related infection: 2009 Update by the Infectious Diseases Society of America.

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              An intervention to decrease catheter-related bloodstream infections in the ICU.

              Catheter-related bloodstream infections occurring in the intensive care unit (ICU) are common, costly, and potentially lethal. We conducted a collaborative cohort study predominantly in ICUs in Michigan. An evidence-based intervention was used to reduce the incidence of catheter-related bloodstream infections. Multilevel Poisson regression modeling was used to compare infection rates before, during, and up to 18 months after implementation of the study intervention. Rates of infection per 1000 catheter-days were measured at 3-month intervals, according to the guidelines of the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. A total of 108 ICUs agreed to participate in the study, and 103 reported data. The analysis included 1981 ICU-months of data and 375,757 catheter-days. The median rate of catheter-related bloodstream infection per 1000 catheter-days decreased from 2.7 infections at baseline to 0 at 3 months after implementation of the study intervention (P< or =0.002), and the mean rate per 1000 catheter-days decreased from 7.7 at baseline to 1.4 at 16 to 18 months of follow-up (P<0.002). The regression model showed a significant decrease in infection rates from baseline, with incidence-rate ratios continuously decreasing from 0.62 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.47 to 0.81) at 0 to 3 months after implementation of the intervention to 0.34 (95% CI, 0.23 to 0.50) at 16 to 18 months. An evidence-based intervention resulted in a large and sustained reduction (up to 66%) in rates of catheter-related bloodstream infection that was maintained throughout the 18-month study period. Copyright 2006 Massachusetts Medical Society.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                World J Gastroenterol
                World J. Gastroenterol
                WJG
                World Journal of Gastroenterology
                Baishideng Publishing Group Inc
                1007-9327
                2219-2840
                7 July 2020
                7 July 2020
                : 26
                : 25
                : 3517-3527
                Affiliations
                Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
                Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China. chenlin@ 123456301hospital.com.cn
                Author notes

                Author contributions: Zhang KC designed the study, drafted the article; Chen L conceived and designed the study, and provided critical revision; both authors approved the final version to be published.

                Supported by Program of B. Braun Medical, No. CN-0486-AEC-VSE2019169; and Program of Military Medicine for Youth, No. QNF19055.

                Corresponding author: Lin Chen, MD, PhD, Professor, Chief, Department of General Surgery & Institute of General Surgery, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, No. 28, Fuxing Road, Beijing 100853, China. chenlin@ 123456301hospital.com.cn

                Article
                jWJG.v26.i25.pg3517
                10.3748/wjg.v26.i25.3517
                7366063
                50d7d280-8d37-445f-adfc-7303963da7f9
                ©The Author(s) 2020. Published by Baishideng Publishing Group Inc. All rights reserved.

                This article is an open-access article which was selected by an in-house editor and fully peer-reviewed by external reviewers. It is distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited and the use is non-commercial.

                History
                : 3 March 2020
                : 27 April 2020
                : 10 June 2020
                Categories
                Guidelines

                totally implantable access port,digestive tract tumor,consensus and guideline,venous port,peritoneal port,arterial port

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