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Abstract
<p xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" class="first" dir="auto"
id="d2189227e125">Periodic structures with alternating refractive indices such as
inverse opal photonic
crystals are capable of reducing the group velocity of light such that this slowed
light can be more efficiently harvested for highly enhanced solar energy conversion.
However, the generation, the manipulation and, in particular, the practical applications
of these slow photons remain highly challenging. Here, we report the first proof of
concept on the ability to control, in an inverse opal TiO2-BiVO4 hetero-composite,
the transfer of slow photons generated from the inverse opal photonic structure to
the photocatalytically active BiVO4 nanoparticles for highly enhanced visible light
photoconversion. Tuning the slow photon frequencies, in order to accommodate the electronic
band gap of BiVO4 for slow photon transfer and for significantly improved light harvesting,
was successfully achieved by varying the structural periodicity (pore size) of inverse
opal and the light incidence angle. The photocatalytic activity of BiVO4 in all inverse
opal structures, promoted by slow photon effect, reached up to 7 times higher than
those in the non-structured compact films. This work opens new avenues for the practical
utilization of slow photon effect under visible light in photocatalytic energy-related
applications like water splitting and carbon dioxide reduction and in photovoltaics.
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