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      COVID-19 and Thrombotic or Thromboembolic Disease: Implications for Prevention, Antithrombotic Therapy, and Follow-Up: JACC State-of-the-Art Review.

      1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 4 , 19 , 4 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 29 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39
      Journal of the American College of Cardiology
      Elsevier BV
      COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, anticoagulant, antiplatelet, antithrombotic therapy, thrombosis

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          Abstract

          Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19), a viral respiratory illness caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), may predispose patients to thrombotic disease, both in the venous and arterial circulations, because of excessive inflammation, platelet activation, endothelial dysfunction, and stasis. In addition, many patients receiving antithrombotic therapy for thrombotic disease may develop COVID-19, which can have implications for choice, dosing, and laboratory monitoring of antithrombotic therapy. Moreover, during a time with much focus on COVID-19, it is critical to consider how to optimize the available technology to care for patients without COVID-19 who have thrombotic disease. Herein, the authors review the current understanding of the pathogenesis, epidemiology, management, and outcomes of patients with COVID-19 who develop venous or arterial thrombosis, of those with pre-existing thrombotic disease who develop COVID-19, or those who need prevention or care for their thrombotic disease during the COVID-19 pandemic.

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          Author and article information

          Journal
          J Am Coll Cardiol
          Journal of the American College of Cardiology
          Elsevier BV
          1558-3597
          0735-1097
          June 16 2020
          : 75
          : 23
          Affiliations
          [1 ] NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York. Electronic address: bb2813@cumc.columbia.edu.
          [2 ] NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York. Electronic address: mvm2122@cumc.columbia.edu.
          [3 ] Respiratory Department, Hospital Ramón y Cajal and Medicine Department, Universidad de Alcalá (Instituto de Ramón y Cajal de Investigación Sanitaria), Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Madrid, Spain.
          [4 ] NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.
          [5 ] Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
          [6 ] McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas.
          [7 ] Department of Cardiology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.
          [8 ] Institute of Hematology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
          [9 ] Cardiovascular Division, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Penn Cardiovascular Outcomes, Quality, and Evaluative Research Center, Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Corporal Michael J. Crescenz VA Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
          [10 ] University of Vermont Medical Center, Burlington, Vermont.
          [11 ] Department of Vascular Medicine, University of Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Montpellier, InnoVTE F-CRIN Network, Montpellier, France.
          [12 ] Oncology Unit GPP, Sotiria General Hospital Athens School of Medicine, Athens, Greece.
          [13 ] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts.
          [14 ] Laboratory of Clinical Chemistry and Hematology, University Hospital of Verona, Verona, Italy.
          [15 ] Haematology Laboratory, Institute of Clinical Pathology and Medical Research, NSW Health Pathology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia; Sydney Centres for Thrombosis and Haemostasis, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia.
          [16 ] Loyola University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois.
          [17 ] Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
          [18 ] Pritzker School of Medicine, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois; Division of Vascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, NorthShore University HealthSystem, Skokie, Illinois.
          [19 ] Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York.
          [20 ] Department of Immunohematology and Transfusion Medicine, Hospital Papa Giovanni XXIII, University of Milan Bicocca, Bergamo, Italy.
          [21 ] Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
          [22 ] St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
          [23 ] Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York.
          [24 ] Center for Bioethics and Social Science in Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Frankel Cardiovascular Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
          [25 ] Population Health Research Institute, Hamilton Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
          [26 ] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
          [27 ] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
          [28 ] Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
          [29 ] Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
          [30 ] Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee.
          [31 ] INSERM U1148, Hôpital Bichat, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, FACT (French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials), Paris, France; Université Paris, Paris, France; Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
          [32 ] Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York; Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York.
          [33 ] Cologne Cardiovascular Research Center, Heart Center, Department of Cardiology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.
          [34 ] NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York; Clinical Trials Center, Cardiovascular Research Foundation, New York, New York.
          [35 ] Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari Germans Trials i Pujol, Universidad Católica San Antonio de Murcia, Barcelona, Spain.
          [36 ] Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut; Department of Health Policy and Administration, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, Connecticut; Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut.
          [37 ] Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis, Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
          [38 ] McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada; Thrombosis and Atherosclerosis Research Institute, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
          [39 ] Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom; Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
          Article
          S0735-1097(20)35008-7
          10.1016/j.jacc.2020.04.031
          7164881
          32311448
          4d8e5fe4-73a0-4066-b295-9fc1f4e08b6b
          Copyright © 2020 American College of Cardiology Foundation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
          History

          COVID-19,SARS-CoV-2,anticoagulant,antiplatelet,antithrombotic therapy,thrombosis

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