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      Electrochemical performances of CoFe 2O 4 nanoparticles and a rGO based asymmetric supercapacitor

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          Abstract

          CoFe 2O 4 nanoparticles were prepared using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) assisted solution combustion method.

          Abstract

          CoFe 2O 4 nanoparticles were prepared using a polyethylene glycol (PEG) assisted solution combustion method. The X-ray diffraction pattern, Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectra revealed the single phase formation of CoFe 2O 4 particles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images revealed nanosized particles less than 10 nm in size. The calculated voltammetry specific capacitance of the CoFe 2O 4 electrode was 195 F g −1 at 1 mV s −1. The Power's law suggests the capacitive mechanism is dominant over an intercalation mechanism, while the maximum number of charges accommodated in the inner surface of the electrode, is given by the Trasatti plot. The fabricated rGO based hybrid supercapacitor (CoFe 2O 4‖rGO) provides a good specific capacitance (38 F g −1) and energy density (12.14 W h kg −1) at 3 mA with good cycle life, and the serially connected asymmetric supercapacitor device powers the light emitting diode for 10 minutes.

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          Freestanding three-dimensional graphene/MnO2 composite networks as ultralight and flexible supercapacitor electrodes.

          Yongmin He, Wanjun Chen, Xiaodong Li … (2013)
          A lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient energy management strategy is needed for flexible energy-storage devices to meet a rapidly growing demand. Graphene-based flexible supercapacitors are one of the most promising candidates because of their intriguing features. In this report, we describe the use of freestanding, lightweight (0.75 mg/cm(2)), ultrathin (<200 μm), highly conductive (55 S/cm), and flexible three-dimensional (3D) graphene networks, loaded with MnO(2) by electrodeposition, as the electrodes of a flexible supercapacitor. It was found that the 3D graphene networks showed an ideal supporter for active materials and permitted a large MnO(2) mass loading of 9.8 mg/cm(2) (~92.9% of the mass of the entire electrode), leading to a high area capacitance of 1.42 F/cm(2) at a scan rate of 2 mV/s. With a view to practical applications, we have further optimized the MnO(2) content with respect to the entire electrode and achieved a maximum specific capacitance of 130 F/g. In addition, we have also explored the excellent electrochemical performance of a symmetrical supercapacitor (of weight less than 10 mg and thickness ~0.8 mm) consisting of a sandwich structure of two pieces of 3D graphene/MnO(2) composite network separated by a membrane and encapsulated in polyethylene terephthalate (PET) membranes. This research might provide a method for flexible, lightweight, high-performance, low-cost, and environmentally friendly materials used in energy conversion and storage systems for the effective use of renewable energy.
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            Nanoporous Ni(OH)2 thin film on 3D Ultrathin-graphite foam for asymmetric supercapacitor.

            Junyi Ji, Li Li Zhang, Hengxing Ji … (2013)
            Nanoporous nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) thin film was grown on the surface of ultrathin-graphite foam (UGF) via a hydrothermal reaction. The resulting free-standing Ni(OH)2/UGF composite was used as the electrode in a supercapacitor without the need for addition of either binder or metal-based current collector. The highly conductive 3D UGF network facilitates electron transport and the porous Ni(OH)2 thin film structure shortens ion diffusion paths and facilitates the rapid migration of electrolyte ions. An asymmetric supercapacitor was also made and studied with Ni(OH)2/UGF as the positive electrode and activated microwave exfoliated graphite oxide ('a-MEGO') as the negative electrode. The highest power density of the fully packaged asymmetric cell (44.0 kW/kg) was much higher (2-27 times higher), while the energy density was comparable to or higher, than high-end commercially available supercapacitors. This asymmetric supercapacitor had a capacitance retention of 63.2% after 10,000 cycles.
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              V2O5-anchored carbon nanotubes for enhanced electrochemical energy storage.

              M. Sathiya, K. N. Ramesha, Pratik A. Shukla … (2011)
              Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are coated with a 4-5 nm thin layer of V(2)O(5) by controlled hydrolysis of vanadium alkoxide. The resulting V(2)O(5)/CNT composite has been investigated for electrochemical activity with lithium ion, and the capacity value shows both faradaic and capacitive (nonfaradaic) contributions. At high rate (1 C), the capacitive behavior dominates the intercalation as 2/3 of the overall capacity value out of 2700 C/g is capacitive, while the remaining is due to Li-ion intercalation. These numbers are in agreement with the Trasatti plots and are corroborated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) studies on the V(2)O(5)/CNTs electrode, which show 85% of vanadium in the +4 oxidation state after the discharge at 1 C rate. The cumulative high-capacity value is attributed to the unique property of the nano V(2)O(5)/CNTs composite, which provides a short diffusion path for Li(+)-ions and an easy access to vanadium redox centers besides the high conductivity of CNTs. The composite architecture exhibits both high power density and high energy density, stressing the benefits of using carbon substrates to design high performance supercapacitor electrodes.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (publisher-id): RSCACL
                Title: RSC Advances
                Abbreviated Title: RSC Adv.
                Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
                ISSN (Electronic): 2046-2069
                Publication date Created: 2015
                Publication date (Electronic): 2015
                Volume: 5
                Issue: 121
                Pages: 99959-99967
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Solid State Ionics and Energy Devices Laboratory
                [2 ]Department of Physics
                [3 ]Bharathiar University
                [4 ]Coimbatore – 641 046
                [5 ]India
                [6 ]School of Chemical and Mathematical Sciences
                [7 ]Murdoch University
                [8 ]Australia
                Article
                DOI: 10.1039/C5RA14938J
                SO-VID: 45966e90-2ff8-4cfb-bfae-87ad0db2e192
                Copyright © © 2015
                History

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