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      Efficient Synthesis of Peptides with 4-Methylpiperidine as Fmoc Removal Reagent by Solid Phase Synthesis

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          Abstract

          Solid phase peptide synthesis using the Fmoc/t-Bu strategy (SPPS-Fmoc/tBu) is the most widely used methodology for obtaining synthetic peptides. In this paper, we evaluate the viability of using 4-methylpiperidine as a reagent for deprotection of the amino acid alpha amino group in SPPS-Fmoc/tBu. For this purpose, the peptide (RRWQWRMKKLG) was simultaneously synthesized using 4-methylpiperidine or piperidine for Fmoc removal reagent. The obtained products had similar purities and yields. Finally, 21 peptides were synthesized using 4-methylpiperidine. Our results suggest that is possible to obtain synthetic peptides efficiently by the strategy SPPS-Fmoc/tBu when 4-methylpiperidine was used as reagent to remove Fmoc groups N-alpha protected amino acids.

          Translated abstract

          La síntesis de péptidos en fase sólida mediante la estrategia Fmoc/tBu (SPFS-Fmoc/tBu) es la metodología más utilizada para la obtención de péptidos sintéticos. En este trabajo se evaluó la posibilidad de utilizar 4-metilpiperidina como reactivo para la desprotección del grupo alfa amino de aminoácidos en SPFS-Fmoc/tBu. Con este propósito, se sintetizó el péptido (RRWQWRMKKLG) de manera simultánea utilizando 4-metilpiperidina o piperidina como reactivo para la remoción del grupo Fmoc. Los productos obtenidos presentaron pureza y rendimiento similar. Adicionalmente, se sintetizaron 21 péptidos de diferente naturaleza fisicoquímica utilizando 4-metilpiperidina. Nuestros resultados sugieren que es posible la obtención de péptidos sintéticos de manera eficiente mediante la estrategia SPFS-Fmoc/tBu cuando se utiliza 4-metilpiperidina como reactivo para remover el grupo Fmoc de los aminoácidos protegidos.

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          Chemicals from alkynes with palladium catalysts.

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            Mechanistic Insights into Two-Phase Radical C–H Arylations

            Kinetic, spectroscopic, and computational studies of radical C–H arylations highlight the interplay between chemical and physical rate processes in these multiphase reactions. Anomalous concentration dependences observed here may be reconciled by considering the role of phase transfer processes that mediate concentrations in each phase. In addition, understanding interactions through phase boundaries enables their use in optimization of reaction performance.
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              The C-terminus of connexin43 adopts different conformations in the Golgi and gap junction as detected with structure-specific antibodies.

              The C-terminus of the most abundant and best-studied gap-junction protein, connexin43, contains multiple phosphorylation sites and protein-binding domains that are involved in regulation of connexin trafficking and channel gating. It is well-documented that SDS/PAGE of NRK (normal rat kidney) cell lysates reveals at least three connexin43-specific bands (P0, P1 and P2). P1 and P2 are phosphorylated on multiple, unidentified serine residues and are found primarily in gap-junction plaques. In the present study we prepared monoclonal antibodies against a peptide representing the last 23 residues at the C-terminus of connexin43. Immunofluorescence studies showed that one antibody (designated CT1) bound primarily to connexin43 present in the Golgi apparatus, whereas the other antibody (designated IF1) labelled predominately connexin43 present in gap junctions. CT1 immunoprecipitates predominantly the P0 form whereas IF1 recognized all three bands. Peptide mapping, mutational analysis and protein-protein interaction experiments revealed that unphosphorylated Ser364 and/or Ser365 are critical for CT1 binding. The IF1 paratope binds to residues Pro375-Asp379 and requires Pro375 and Pro377. These proline residues are also necessary for ZO-1 interaction. These studies indicate that the conformation of Ser364/Ser365 is important for intracellular localization, whereas the tertiary structure of Pro375-Asp379 is essential in targeting and regulation of gap junctional connexin43.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jmcs
                Journal of the Mexican Chemical Society
                J. Mex. Chem. Soc
                Sociedad Química de México A.C. (México, DF, Mexico )
                1870-249X
                December 2014
                : 58
                : 4
                : 386-392
                Affiliations
                [01] Bogotá orgnameUniversidad Nacional de Colombia orgdiv1Facultad de Ciencias orgdiv2Departamento de Farmacia Colombia jaegarciaca@ 123456unal.edu.co
                Article
                S1870-249X2014000400004 S1870-249X(14)05800400004
                ff07cb80-f407-43f8-a59c-8e2350f298a5

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 March 2014
                : 19 May 2014
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 7
                Product

                SciELO Mexico

                Categories
                Articles

                piperidine,eliminación de Fmoc,Síntesis de péptidos en fase sólida,4-methylpiperidine,Synthetic Peptide,4-metilpiperidina,péptido sintético,Fmoc removal reaction,Solid Phase Peptide Synthesis,piperidina

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