Estado de conservación de la flora nativa de las regiones de Arica-Parinacota y de Tarapacá, Chile  <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: Conservation status of the native flora of the Arica-Parinacota and Tarapacá regions, Chile </span>

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Abstract

El estado de conservación de la flora nativa a una escala administrativa como la regional es útil para implementar medidas que reduzcan la pérdida de biodiversidad a nivel local. En este trabajo se clasifica la flora nativa de las regiones de Arica-Parinacota y de Tarapacá según su estado de conservación, utilizando una base de datos de 7.432 registros geo- referenciados que corresponden a 717 especies vasculares nativas. La clasificación se realizó utilizando principalmente los criterios de distribución geográfica de UICN (versión 3.1). Un 27,6% de las especies nativas presentes en estas regiones presentan problemas de conservación (3,2% En Peligro y 24,4% Vulnerable). En la Región de Arica y Parinacota las especies amenazadas alcanzarían el 34,4% de la flora nativa y el 24,3% en la Región de Tarapacá. La flora nativa de estas dos regiones tiene un grado de amenaza mayor que los encontrados en las regiones de Antofagasta, Atacama o Coquimbo. Esto se explica parcialmente por distribuciones restringidas (bajas extensiones de la presencia y/o áreas de ocupación) sumado a una disminución en la calidad de su hábitat.

Translated abstract

Knowledge of the conservation status of the native flora at an administrative level, such as the regional level, is useful to take actions to reduce biodiversity loss at a local level. In this study, we classified the native flora of the Arica-Parinacota and Tarapacá Regions according to its conservation status using a database of 7,432 geo-referenced records corresponding to 717 native vascular species. The classification was carried out using mainly geographical criteria of IUCN (version 3.1). A 27.6% of the native species in these regions have conservation problems (3.2% Endangered and 24.4% Vulnerable). In the Arica-Parinacota and Tarapacá Regions, 34.4% and 24.3% of the species, respectively are threatened. The native flora of these two regions has a greater degree of threat than that found in either Antofagasta, Atacama or Coquimbo. This is partially explained by restricted distributions (extent of occurrence and/or area of occupancy) combined with a decline in habitat quality.

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Quantification of extinction risk: IUCN's system for classifying threatened species.

GEORGINA MACE, NIGEL J. COLLAR, KEVIN J. GASTON … (2008)

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species was increasingly used during the 1980s to assess the conservation status of species for policy and planning purposes. This use stimulated the development of a new set of quantitative criteria for listing species in the categories of threat: critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable. These criteria, which were intended to be applicable to all species except microorganisms, were part of a broader system for classifying threatened species and were fully implemented by IUCN in 2000. The system and the criteria have been widely used by conservation practitioners and scientists and now underpin one indicator being used to assess the Convention on Biological Diversity 2010 biodiversity target. We describe the process and the technical background to the IUCN Red List system. The criteria refer to fundamental biological processes underlying population decline and extinction. But given major differences between species, the threatening processes affecting them, and the paucity of knowledge relating to most species, the IUCN system had to be both broad and flexible to be applicable to the majority of described species. The system was designed to measure the symptoms of extinction risk, and uses 5 independent criteria relating to aspects of population loss and decline of range size. A species is assigned to a threat category if it meets the quantitative threshold for at least one criterion. The criteria and the accompanying rules and guidelines used by IUCN are intended to increase the consistency, transparency, and validity of its categorization system, but it necessitates some compromises that affect the applicability of the system and the species lists that result. In particular, choices were made over the assessment of uncertainty, poorly known species, depleted species, population decline, restricted ranges, and rarity; all of these affect the way red lists should be viewed and used. Processes related to priority setting and the development of national red lists need to take account of some assumptions in the formulation of the criteria.

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The value of the IUCN Red List for conservation.

Ana S. L. Rodrigues, John D. Pilgrim, John Lamoreux … (2006)

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species is the most comprehensive resource detailing the global conservation status of plants and animals. The 2004 edition represents a milestone in the four-decade long history of the Red List, including the first Global Amphibian Assessment and a near doubling in assessed species since 2000. Moreover, the Red List assessment process itself has developed substantially over the past decade, extending the value of the Red List far beyond the assignation of threat status. We highlight here how the Red List, in conjunction with the comprehensive data compiled to support it and in spite of several important limitations, has become an increasingly powerful tool for conservation planning, management, monitoring and decision making.