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Abstract
The pH-solubility profile of papaverine hydrochloride (I) was determined using the
phase-solubility technique and equilibrium solubilities in buffers. The release of
I from sustained-release pellets consisting of a shellac-based matrix was determined
by the USP basket technique and was found to exhibit zero-order kinetics. Release
rates at various pH values of the permeating solvent were compared with the pH-solubility
profile and were directly proportional to the solubility below, but not above, the
apparent pHmax (3.9). This lack of proportionality was also shown by the intrinsic
dissolution rates. The effect was attributed to the self-buffering action of I and
the metastability of the papaverine salt-base system in the vicinity of pHmax. It
is postulated that the outer layer of polymer and filler on the surface of the pellets
forms a barrier which determines the rate of release. The inner matrix serves as a
drug reservoir in which the internal pH may not be the same as the bulk pH.