Review on nanoscale Bi-based photocatalysts

Author(s): Rongan He ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Difa Xu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Bei Cheng ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Jiaguo Yu ¹ ^, ² ^, ³ ^, ⁴ , Wingkei Ho ⁶ ^, ⁷ ^, ⁸

Publication date (Electronic): 2018

Journal: Nanoscale Horizons

Publisher: Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)

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Abstract

Recent studies on nanoscale Bi-based photocatalysts including component adjustment, morphology control, heterojunction construction and surface modification are reviewed.

Abstract

Nanoscale Bi-based photocatalysts are promising candidates for visible-light-driven photocatalytic environmental remediation and energy conversion. However, the performance of bulk bismuthal semiconductors is unsatisfactory. Increasing efforts have been focused on enhancing the performance of this photocatalyst family. Many studies have reported on component adjustment, morphology control, heterojunction construction, and surface modification. Herein, recent topics in these fields, including doping, changing stoichiometry, solid solutions, ultrathin nanosheets, hierarchical and hollow architectures, conventional heterojunctions, direct Z-scheme junctions, and surface modification of conductive materials and semiconductors, are reviewed. The progress in the enhancement mechanism involving light absorption, band structure tailoring, and separation and utilization of excited carriers, is also introduced. The challenges and tendencies in the studies of nanoscale Bi-based photocatalysts are discussed and summarized.

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Photocatalyst releasing hydrogen from water.

Kazuhiko Maeda, Kentaro Teramura, Daling Lu … (2006)

Direct splitting of water using a particulate photocatalyst would be a good way to produce clean and recyclable hydrogen on a large scale, and in the past 30 years various photocatalysts have been found that function under visible light. Here we describe an advance in the catalysis of the overall splitting of water under visible light: the new catalyst is a solid solution of gallium and zinc nitrogen oxide, (Ga(1-x)Zn(x))(N(1-x)O(x)), modified with nanoparticles of a mixed oxide of rhodium and chromium. The mixture functions as a promising and efficient photocatalyst in promoting the evolution of hydrogen gas.

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All-solid-state Z-scheme in CdS-Au-TiO2 three-component nanojunction system.

Hiroaki Tada, Tomohiro Mitsui, Tomokazu Kiyonaga … (2006)

Natural photosynthesis, which achieves efficient solar energy conversion through the combined actions of many types of molecules ingeniously arranged in a nanospace, highlights the importance of a technique for site-selective coupling of different materials to realize artificial high-efficiency devices. In view of increasingly serious energy and environmental problems, semiconductor-based artificial photosynthetic systems consisting of isolated photochemical system 1 (PS1), PS2 and the electron-transfer system have recently been developed. However, the direct coupling of the components is crucial for retarding back reactions to increase the reaction efficiency. Here, we report a simple technique for forming an anisotropic CdS-Au-TiO2 nanojunction, in which PS1(CdS), PS2(TiO2) and the electron-transfer system (Au) are spatially fixed. This three-component system exhibits a high photocatalytic activity, far exceeding those of the single- and two-component systems, as a result of vectorial electron transfer driven by the two-step excitation of TiO2 and CdS.