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      Las habilidades socioemocionales en los docentes: herramientas de paz en la escuela Translated title: As habilidades sócio-emocionais nos docentes: ferramentas de paz na escola Translated title: Les compétences socio-émotionnelles chez les enseignants: outils de la paix à l'école Translated title: Teachers' socio-emotional skills: tools for peace in school

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          Abstract

          Resumen La escuela es el principal escenario formativo y de socialización del individuo. Allí se consolidan los imaginarios, realidades, subjetividades y conductas del estudiante. Por consiguiente, el papel de los docentes es fundamental, debido a que operan como guías y modelos de las reacciones, relaciones y vínculos interindividuales que se generan en el ambiente escolar. Gracias a ellos la escuela se configura como un escenario que posibilita la gestión del aula como un espacio en el que se puede aprender a experimentar la paz. El artículo se plantea como una revisión teórica respecto a cómo las habilidades socioemocionales de los docentes inciden en la gestión de los ambientes de paz en la escuela, teniendo en cuenta factores como el clima de aula, el conflicto escolar, la cultura de paz y las relaciones interpersonales, tanto entre docentes, como entre docentes y alumnos.

          Translated abstract

          Resumo A escola é o principal espaço formativo e de socialização do indivíduo. Ali consolidam-se os imaginários, realidades, subjetividades e condutas do estudante. Portanto, o papel dos docentes é fundamental, devido a que operam como guias e modelos das reações, relações e vínculos interindividuais que se geram no ambiente escolar. Graças a eles, a escola se configura como um lugar que possibilita a gestão da sala como um espaço no que se pode aprender a experimentar a paz. O artigo propõe-se como uma revisão teórica com respeito a como as habilidades sócio-emocionais dos docentes incidem na gestão dos ambientes de paz na escola, tendo em conta fatores como o clima da sala, o conflito escolar, a cultura de paz e as relações interpessoais, tanto entre docentes, como entre docentes e alunos.

          Translated abstract

          Résumé L'école est le scénario principal de formation et de socialisation des individus. C'est là oú les imaginaires, les réalités, les subjectivités, et les comportements des élèves se consolident. Par conséquent, le rôle des enseignants est essentiel, étant donné qu'ils agissent en tant que guides et en tant que modèles des réactions, des relations, et des liens interindividuels qui sont générés dans l'environnement scolaire. Grâce à eux, l'école se présente comme un scénario qui rend possible la gestion de la salle de classe comme un espace dans lequel on peut apprendre à faire l'expérience de la paix. Cet article est conçu comme une révision théorique sur l'incidence des compétences socio-émotionnelles des enseignants sur les environnements de paix à l'école, compte tenu d'éléments tels que le climat de classe, le conflit scolaire, la culture de la paix, et les relations interpersonnelles tant entre les enseignants qu'entre les enseignants et les étudiants.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The school is the main scenario for the individual's training and socialization. Student's imaginaries, realities, subjectivities, and behaviors are reinforced there. Hence, teachers' role is fundamental because they act as guides and models of interindividual reactions, relationships, and links generated in the school environment. Through them, school is shaped as a scenario that enables classroom management as a space where students can learn to experience peace. The article is presented as a theoretical review regarding how teachers' socio-emotional skills affect the management of peace environments in the school, taking into account factors such as classroom climate, school conflict, culture of peace and interpersonal relationships, both between teachers and between teachers and students.

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          Most cited references65

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          Exploring the neurological substrate of emotional and social intelligence.

          The somatic marker hypothesis posits that deficits in emotional signalling (somatic states) lead to poor judgment in decision-making, especially in the personal and social realms. Similar to this hypothesis is the concept of emotional intelligence, which has been defined as an array of emotional and social abilities, competencies and skills that enable individuals to cope with daily demands and be more effective in their personal and social life. Patients with lesions to the ventromedial (VM) prefrontal cortex have defective somatic markers and tend to exercise poor judgment in decision-making, which is especially manifested in the disadvantageous choices they typically make in their personal lives and in the ways in which they relate with others. Furthermore, lesions to the amygdala or insular cortices, especially on the right side, also compromise somatic state activation and decision-making. This suggests that the VM, amygdala and insular regions are part of a neural system involved in somatic state activation and decision-making. We hypothesized that the severe impairment of these patients in real-life decision-making and an inability to cope effectively with environmental and social demands would be reflected in an abnormal level of emotional and social intelligence. Twelve patients with focal, stable bilateral lesions of the VM cortex or with right unilateral lesions of the amygdala or the right insular cortices, were tested on the Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-i), a standardized psychometric measure of various aspects of emotional and social intelligence. We also examined these patients with various other procedures designed to measure decision-making (the Gambling Task), social functioning, as well as personality changes and psychopathology; standardized neuropsychological tests were applied to assess their cognitive intelligence, executive functioning, perception and memory as well. Their results were compared with those of 11 patients with focal, stable lesions in structures outside the neural circuitry thought to mediate somatic state activation and decision-making. Only patients with lesions in the somatic marker circuitry revealed significantly low emotional intelligence and poor judgment in decision-making as well as disturbances in social functioning, in spite of normal levels of cognitive intelligence (IQ) and the absence of psychopathology based on DSM-IV criteria. The findings provide preliminary evidence suggesting that emotional and social intelligence is different from cognitive intelligence. We suggest, moreover, that the neural systems supporting somatic state activation and personal judgment in decision-making may overlap with critical components of a neural circuitry subserving emotional and social intelligence, independent of the neural system supporting cognitive intelligence.
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            Does gratitude enhance prosociality?: A meta-analytic review.

            Theoretical models suggest that gratitude is linked to increased prosociality. To date, however, there is a lack of a comprehensive quantitative synthesis of results to support this claim. In this review we aimed to (a) examine the overall strength of the association between gratitude and prosociality, and (b) identify the theoretical and methodological variables that moderate this link. We identified 252 effect sizes from 91 studies across 65 papers-(Total N = 18,342 participants). The present meta-analysis revealed a statistically significant, and moderate positive correlation between gratitude and prosociality (r = .374). This association was significantly larger among studies that assessed reciprocal outcomes relative to nonreciprocal outcomes, and in particular among studies that examined direct-compared with indirect-reciprocity. Studies that examined gratitude as an affective state reported significantly larger effect size studies assessing gratitude as a trait. Studies that examined benefit-triggered gratitude (in response to other's kindness) had a stronger effect that generalized gratitude that focuses on the appreciation of what is valued and cherished in life. Finally, studies that manipulated gratitude in vivo (e.g., economic games) had larger effect sizes compared with those based on recalled incidents when the person felt grateful. We describe the theoretical and practical significance of the results. (PsycINFO Database Record
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              Brief intervention to encourage empathic discipline cuts suspension rates in half among adolescents.

              Growing suspension rates predict major negative life outcomes, including adult incarceration and unemployment. Experiment 1 tested whether teachers (n = 39) could be encouraged to adopt an empathic rather than punitive mindset about discipline-to value students' perspectives and sustain positive relationships while encouraging better behavior. Experiment 2 tested whether an empathic response to misbehavior would sustain students' (n = 302) respect for teachers and motivation to behave well in class. These hypotheses were confirmed. Finally, a randomized field experiment tested a brief, online intervention to encourage teachers to adopt an empathic mindset about discipline. Evaluated at five middle schools in three districts (Nteachers = 31; Nstudents = 1,682), this intervention halved year-long student suspension rates from 9.6% to 4.8%. It also bolstered respect the most at-risk students, previously suspended students, perceived from teachers. Teachers' mindsets about discipline directly affect the quality of teacher-student relationships and student suspensions and, moreover, can be changed through scalable intervention.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                prasa
                Praxis & Saber
                Prax. Saber
                Universidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia (UPTC) (Tunja, Boyacá, Colombia )
                2216-0159
                December 2019
                : 10
                : 24
                : 167-192
                Affiliations
                [2] orgnameCentro Lúdico Pedagógico para la Primera Infancia Upetecitos Colombia
                [1] Boyacá orgnameUniversidad Pedagógica y Tecnológica de Colombia Colombia
                Article
                S2216-01592019000300167 S2216-0159(19)01002400167
                10.19053/22160159.v10.n25.2019.9819
                fd83e18c-c1ba-4342-a432-e1f7aaf55242

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 03 August 2019
                : 02 May 2019
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 82, Pages: 26
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículos

                docente,escola,sala,cultura de paz,habilidades sócio-emocionais,enseignant,école,salle de classe,culture de la paix,compétences socio-émotionnelles,teacher,school,classroom,peace culture,socio-emotional skills,escuela,aula,habilidades socioemocionales

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