Aspectos de saúde mental investigados em policiais: uma revisão integrativa <span class="so-article-trans-title" dir="auto"> Translated title: The aspects of mental health investigated in the police: an integrative review </span>

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Abstract

Resumo Esta revisão integrativa teve por objetivo identificar quais aspectos de saúde mental dos policiais têm sido mais investigados na literatura, considerando o período de 2012 a 2018. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, LILACS, SciELO e PePSIC. Foram analisados 84 artigos, quanto a 4 categorias: características dos estudos; saúde mental dos policiais; fatores de risco para problemas mentais; e fatores protetivos e para desenvolvimento da saúde. A análise dos artigos mostrou que Estados Unidos e Brasil produziram mais sobre o tema e que depressão, estresse e transtornos de ansiedade foram as patologias mais frequentes nos artigos analisados. Fatores individuais e do trabalho associaram-se ao adoecimento e fatores protetivos e intervenções foram pouco investigados. Estudos futuros poderão abordar essas lacunas.

Translated abstract

Abstract This integrative review aimed to identify which aspects of the police officers’ mental health have been more investigated in the literature, considering the period from 2012 to 2018. We searched the PubMed, LILACS, SciELO and PePSIC databases. A total of 84 articles were analyzed in four categories: characteristics of the studies; mental health of police officers; risk factors for mental problems; and protective and health development factors. The analysis of the articles showed that the United States and Brazil were the countries with most production on the subject, and that depression, stress, and anxiety disorders were the most frequent pathologies in the analyzed articles. Individual and work factors were associated with illness and protective factors and interventions were scarcely investigated. Future studies may address these shortcomings.

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How to write a systematic review.

Joshua D. Harris, Carmen Quatman, M. M. Manring … (2014)

The role of evidence-based medicine in sports medicine and orthopaedic surgery is rapidly growing. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses are also proliferating in the medical literature.

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Work Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers. A Prospective Study

Sergio Garbarino, Nicola Magnavita (2015)

Objective The aim of this longitudinal study was to evaluate the association between occupational stress and metabolic syndrome (MetS) in a rapid response police unit. Method Work-related stress was continuously monitored during the 5-year period with both the Demand-Control-Support (DCS) and the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) models. Blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose were measured at baseline in January 2009, and in January 2014. 234 out of 290 police officers (81%) completed the follow-up. Results The majority of police officers had high stress levels. At follow-up, police officers in the highest quartile of stress had significantly higher mean levels of triglycerides, and lower levels of HDL-cholesterol than their colleagues in the lowest quartile. Police officers with high stress had an increased adjusted risk of developing MetS (aOR = 2.68; CI95% = 1.08–6.70), and hypertriglyceridemia (aOR = 7.86; CI95 = 1.29–48.04). Demand and Effort were significant predictors of MetS. Conclusion Our study supports the hypothesis that work-related stress induces MetS, particularly through its effects on blood lipids. Future longitudinal studies with continuous monitoring of stress levels will definitively confirm this hypothesis.

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Resilience Training Program Reduces Physiological and Psychological Stress in Police Officers

Rollin McCraty, Mike Atkinson (2012)

Research suggests that police work is among the most stressful occupations in the world and officers typically suffer a variety of physiological, psychological, and behavioral effects and symptoms. Officers operating under severe or chronic stress are likely to be at greater risk of error, accidents, and overreactions that can compromise their performance, jeopardize public safety, and pose significant liability costs to the organization. Therefore, this study explored the nature and degree of physiological activation typically experienced of officers on the job and the impact of the Coherence Advantage resilience and performance enhancement training on a group of police officers from Santa Clara County, California. Areas assessed included vitality, emotional well-being, stress coping and interpersonal skills, work performance, workplace effectiveness and climate, family relationships, and physiological recalibration following acute stressors. Physiological measurements were obtained to determine the real-time cardiovascular impact of acutely stressful situations encountered in highly realistic simulated police calls used in police training and to identify officers at increased risk of future health challenges. The resilience-building training improved officers' capacity to recognize and self-regulate their responses to stressors in both work and personal contexts. Officers experienced reductions in stress, negative emotions, depression, and increased peacefulness and vitality as compared to a control group. Improvements in family relationships, more effective communication and cooperation within work teams, and enhanced work performance also were noted. Heart rate and blood pressure measurements taken during simulated police call scenarios showed that acutely stressful circumstances typically encountered on the job result in a tremendous degree of physiological activation, from which it takes a considerable amount of time to recover. Autonomic nervous system assessment based on heart rate variability (HRV) analysis of 24-hour electrocardiogram (ECG) recordings revealed that 11% of the officers were at higher risk for sudden cardiac death and other serious health challenges. This is more than twice the percentage typically found in the general population and is consistent with epidemiological data indicating that police officers have more than twice the average incidence of cardiovascular-related disease. The data suggest that training in resilience building and self-regulation skills could significantly benefit police organizations by improving judgment and decision making and decreasing the frequency of onthe-job driving accidents and the use of excessive force in high-stress situations. Potential outcomes include fewer citizens' complaints, fewer lawsuits, decreased organizational liabilities, and increased community safety. Finally, this study highlights the value of 24-hour HRV analysis as a useful screening tool to identify officers who are at increased risk, so that efforts can be made to reverse or prevent the onset of disease in these individuals.

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): sausoc

Title: Saúde e Sociedade

Abbreviated Title: Saude soc.

Publisher: Faculdade de Saúde Pública, Universidade de São Paulo. Associação Paulista de Saúde Pública. (, SP, Brazil )

ISSN (Print): 0104-1290

ISSN (Electronic): 1984-0470

Publication date (Print and electronic): 2022

Volume: 31

Issue: 2

Electronic Location Identifier: e201008pt

Affiliations

[2] Uberaba Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade de Uberaba orgdiv1Departamento de Psicologia Brazil

[1] Uberaba Minas Gerais orgnameUniversidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro orgdiv1Departamento de Psicologia Brazil rapha1618.rc@ 123456gmail.com

Article

Publisher ID: S0104-12902022000200307 Publisher ID: S0104-1290(22)03100200307

DOI: 10.1590/s0104-12902022201008pt

SO-VID: fcbf4dd4-8d0e-4830-a323-8dd9d5bf6641

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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

History

Date received : 30 September 2021

Date accepted : 15 January 2022

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 62, Pages: 0

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Aspectos de saúde mental investigados em policiais: uma revisão integrativa Translated title: The aspects of mental health investigated in the police: an integrative review

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SciELO Brazil

Most cited references 62

How to write a systematic review.

Work Stress and Metabolic Syndrome in Police Officers. A Prospective Study

Resilience Training Program Reduces Physiological and Psychological Stress in Police Officers

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