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      Análisis neurofutbolístico de Loris Karius: de la gloria al infierno Translated title: Loris Karius neurofutbolistic analysis: from glory to hell

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          Abstract

          Resumen En el contexto futbolístico se han presentado errores garrafales que han costado caro a los equipos. A veces se presentan por nervios o desconcentración, no obstante, según nuestro ojo clínico, en ocasiones el cerebro juega una mala pasada y su mal funcionamiento, producto de un traumatismo craneoencefálico sucedido en el mismo juego, es quien determina el marcador de un encuentro. Esto es lo sucedido al portero del Liverpool en la final de la Champions League 2018, quien, desde nuestra reflexión neuro futbolística, tuvo errores que le costaron el partido, por una afectación de la vía magnocelular cerebral que permite procesar la información perceptivo visual espacial. En el artículo presentado, reflexionamos sobre su estado cerebral antes y después del traumatismo sufrido y resaltamos que, un futbolista que está despierto y expresando que puede continuar, no necesariamente es un individuo con su cerebro conservado, ya que puede ser solo una parte de su masa encefálica la que habla, pero, como se ve en Karius, no obstante, otras silentes pueden haberse alterado. Cerramos el trabajo resaltando la necesidad de incorporar los conocimientos neuropsicológicos para la comprensión del efecto de un traumatismo en el campo del juego, ya que de este trabajo se ratifica que, el ser humano no juega al fútbol con las piernas o las manos, lo hace con su cerebro.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract In the soccer context there have been huge errors that have cost the teams dearly. Sometimes they occur due to nerves or deconcentration, however, according to our clinical eye, sometimes the brain plays a trick and its malfunction, the product of traumatic brain injury that occurred in the same game, is what determines the score of an encounter. This is what happened to the Liverpool goalkeeper in the final of the 2018 Champions League, who, from our neuro-soccer reflection, had errors that cost him the match, due to an affectation of the cerebral magnocellular pathway that allows processing spatial visual perceptual information. In the featured article, we reflect on his brain state before and after the trauma suffered and highlight that a footballer who is awake and expressing that he can continue, is not necessarily an individual with his brain preserved, since it may be only a part of his brain mass speaking, but, as seen in Karius, however, other silencers may have been altered. We close the work by highlighting the need to incorporate neuropsychological knowledge to understand the effect of trauma on the playfield, since this work confirms that humans do not play soccer with their legs or hands, they do so with your brain.

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          Chronic traumatic encephalopathy in a National Football League player.

          We present the results of the autopsy of a retired professional football player that revealed neuropathological changes consistent with long-term repetitive concussive brain injury. This case draws attention to the need for further studies in the cohort of retired National Football League players to elucidate the neuropathological sequelae of repeated mild traumatic brain injury in professional football. The patient's premortem medical history included symptoms of cognitive impairment, a mood disorder, and parkinsonian symptoms. There was no family history of Alzheimer's disease or any other head trauma outside football. A complete autopsy with a comprehensive neuropathological examination was performed on the retired National Football League player approximately 12 years after retirement. He died suddenly as a result of coronary atherosclerotic disease. Studies included determination of apolipoprotein E genotype. Autopsy confirmed the presence of coronary atherosclerotic disease with dilated cardiomyopathy. The brain demonstrated no cortical atrophy, cortical contusion, hemorrhage, or infarcts. The substantia nigra revealed mild pallor with mild dropout of pigmented neurons. There was mild neuronal dropout in the frontal, parietal, and temporal neocortex. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy was evident with many diffuse amyloid plaques as well as sparse neurofibrillary tangles and tau-positive neuritic threads in neocortical areas. There were no neurofibrillary tangles or neuropil threads in the hippocampus or entorhinal cortex. Lewy bodies were absent. The apolipoprotein E genotype was E3/E3. This case highlights potential long-term neurodegenerative outcomes in retired professional National Football League players subjected to repeated mild traumatic brain injury. The prevalence and pathoetiological mechanisms of these possible adverse long-term outcomes and their relation to duration of years of playing football have not been sufficiently studied. We recommend comprehensive clinical and forensic approaches to understand and further elucidate this emergent professional sport hazard.
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            El error de Descartes

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              Revisión del traumatismo craneoencefálico

              En este artículo se ha realizado una revisión sistemática de los aspectos prácticos más destacables del manejo del traumatismo craneoencefálico en base a la literatura médica que hemos considerado relevante. El trabajo se ha desarrollado en diferentes apartados que comprenden la epidemiología, pronóstico y clasificación, anatomía patológica y fisiopatología, evaluación clínica y tratamiento. Se han tratado con especial énfasis las conexiones entre los rasgos fisiopatológicos con mayor grado de evidencia, de acuerdo con las guías de práctica clínica, y los esquemas de manejo terapéutico.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rneuro
                Revista Ecuatoriana de Neurología
                Rev Ecuat Neurol
                Sociedad Médica Ecuatoriana de Neurología (Guayaquil, Guayas, Ecuador )
                1019-8113
                2631-2581
                August 2020
                : 29
                : 2
                : 83-91
                Affiliations
                [2] Quito orgnameUniversidad Tecnológica Indoamérica de Ecuador orgdiv1Centro de Investigación en Mecatrónica y Sistemas Interactivos MIST Ecuador caramos@ 123456puce.edu.ec
                [1] Quito Quito orgnamePontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador orgdiv1Facultad de Psicología Ecuador
                Article
                S2631-25812020000200083 S2631-2581(20)02900200083
                10.46997/revecuatneurol29200083
                fc87de82-fb6c-43e4-857f-d06ceb79ec41

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 02 April 2020
                : 02 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 20, Pages: 9
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                state of consciousness.,neuropsychology,soccer,traumatic brain injury,estado de conciencia.,neuropsicología,fútbol,traumatismo craneoencefálico

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