Fibrous corona is reduced in cancer cell lines that attenuate microtubule nucleation from kinetochores

Abstract

Most cancer cells show increased chromosome missegregation, known as chromosomal instability (CIN), which promotes cancer progression and drug resistance. The underlying causes of CIN in cancer cells are not fully understood. Here we found that breast cancer cell lines show a reduced kinetochore localization of ROD, ZW10, and Zwilch, components of the fibrous corona, compared with non‐transformed breast epithelial cell lines. The fibrous corona is a structure formed on kinetochores before their end‐on attachment to microtubules and plays a role in efficient kinetochore capture and the spindle assembly checkpoint. The reduction in the fibrous corona was not due to reduced expression levels of the fibrous corona components or to a reduction in outer kinetochore components. Kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E, which play a role in the recruitment of the fibrous corona to kinetochores, was reduced in cancer cell lines, presumably due to reduced activity of Mps1, which is required for their recruitment to kinetochores through phosphorylating KNL1. Increasing kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E in cancer cells restored the level of the fibrous corona. Cancer cell lines showed a reduced capacity to nucleate microtubules from kinetochores, which was recently shown to be dependent on the fibrous corona, and increasing kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E restored the microtubule nucleation capacity on kinetochores. Our study revealed a distinct feature of cancer cell lines that may be related to CIN.

Abstract

Cancer cell lines show a reduction in the fibrous corona, a structure on kinetochores in early mitosis. This reduction is supposed to be due to reduced kinetochore localization of Bub1 and CENP‐E, caused by reduced Mps1 activity. Reduced fibrous corona in cancer cell lines reduces the capacity to nucleate microtubules from kinetochores, which may cause CIN through inefficient formation of kinetochore–microtubule attachments.