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      Identical Wells, Symmetry Breaking, and the Near-Unitary Limit

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          Abstract

          Energy level splitting from the unitary limit of contact interactions to the near unitary limit for a few identical atoms in an effectively one-dimensional well can be understood as an example of symmetry breaking. At the unitary limit in addition to particle permutation symmetry there is a larger symmetry corresponding to exchanging the N! possible orderings of N particles. In the near unitary limit, this larger symmetry is broken, and different shapes of traps break the symmetry to different degrees. This brief note exploits these symmetries to present a useful, geometric analogy with graph theory and build an algebraic framework for calculating energy splitting in the near unitary limit.

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          Most cited references15

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          Atomic Scattering in Presence of an External Confinement and a Gas of Impenetrable Bosons

          We calculate, within the pseudopotential approximation, a one-dimensional scattering amplitude and effective one-dimensional interaction potential for atoms confined transversally by an atom waveguide or highly elongated ``cigar''-shaped atomic trap. We show that in the low-energy scattering regime, the scattering process degenerates to a total reflection suggesting an experimental realization of a famous model in theoretical physics - a one-dimensional gas of impenetrable bosons (``Tonks'' gas). We give an estimate for suitable experimental parameters for alkali atoms confined in waveguides.
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            Realization of an Excited, Strongly-Correlated Quantum Gas Phase

            Ultracold atomic physics offers myriad possibilities to study strongly correlated many-body systems in lower dimensions. Typically, only ground state phases are accessible. Using a tunable quantum gas of bosonic cesium atoms, we realize and control in one dimensional geometry a highly excited quantum phase that is stabilized in the presence of attractive interactions by maintaining and strengthening quantum correlations across a confinement-induced resonance. We diagnose the crossover from repulsive to attractive interactions in terms of the stiffness and the energy of the system. Our results open up the experimental study of metastable excited many-body phases with strong correlations and their dynamical properties.
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              Deterministic Preparation of a Tunable Few-Fermion System

              Systems consisting of few interacting fermions are the building blocks of matter with atoms and nuclei being the most prominent examples. We have created an artificial few-body quantum system with complete control over the system's quantum state using ultracold fermionic atoms in an optical dipole trap. We deterministically prepare ground state systems consisting of one to ten particles with fidelities of ~ 90%. We can tune the inter-particle interactions to arbitrary values using a Feshbach resonance and have observed the interaction-induced energy shift for a pair of repulsively interacting atoms. With this work, quantum simulation of strongly correlated fewbody systems has become possible. In addition, these microscopic quantum systems can be used as building blocks for scalable quantum information processing.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                2017-01-04
                Article
                1701.00949
                fb09c4fe-e2a0-4eaa-b497-57739c41ae1c

                http://arxiv.org/licenses/nonexclusive-distrib/1.0/

                History
                Custom metadata
                6 pages, 1 figure, accepted in Few-Body Systems
                quant-ph cond-mat.quant-gas

                Quantum physics & Field theory,Quantum gases & Cold atoms
                Quantum physics & Field theory, Quantum gases & Cold atoms

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