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      Efectividad de un programa de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar en trabajadores de la salud con infección por COVID-19 Translated title: Changes in functional and cardiopulmonary outcomes in patients with COVID-19 infection after a cardiopulmonary rehabilitation program

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          Abstract

          Resumen Objetivo: evaluar, en una población trabajadora de la salud con COVID-19, la gravedad de la enfermedad y el impacto de un programa de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar ambulatorio fase II basado en ejercicio, en la capacidad funcional, la función medida con la Escala de Estado Funcional posCOVID y el reintegro laboral. Materiales y método: se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental en 48 trabajadores de la salud con infección por COVID-19. Al inicio y al final se les evaluó gravedad de la infección, función cardiopulmonar y escala de estado funcional post-COVID-19 (PCFS). Se hizo un programa de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar con tres sesiones semanales de ejercicio continuo e interválico individualizado, con una duración de 20 a 60 minutos y una intensidad del 60 al 80% de la frecuencia cardíaca máxima durante un mes. Resultados: hubo 19 casos moderados y 29 graves. La edad promedio fue 54 (DE: 15.5) años, 41.7% eran empleados, 47.9% obesos y 39.6% hipertensos. El 68.8% tuvo neumonía típica, el 29.2% estrés postraumático, el 43.8% síndrome depresivo y el 50% trastornos de ansiedad. La capacidad cardiopulmonar pasó de NYHA II (5.7 DE: 1.2) a NYHA I (8.2: DE: 2.0). Mejoró la independencia en actividades de la vida diaria (ADV) (escala PCFS) y 36 pacientes regresaron a su trabajo. No hubo complicaciones graves. Conclusión: este estudio demostró el impacto positivo de un programa de rehabilitación cardiopulmonar en la función cardiopulmonar y la independencia en actividades diarias e instrumentales en trabajadores de la salud con COVID-19, pues un 75% de estos regresó a sus labores habituales.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract Objective: to evaluate, in a health worker population with COVID-19, the severity of the disease and the impact of an outpatient phase II PRCP based on exercise, on functional capacity, function measured with the post-COVID Functional Status Scale and job reinstatement. Materials and method: a quasi-experimental study was conducted involving 48 healthcare workers with COVID-19. Severity of infection, cardiopulmonary function, and PCFS were assessed at the beginning and end. The CPRP included a program of three weekly sessions of individualized continuous and interval exercises lasting 20 to 60 minutes, with an intensity of 60 to 80% of maximum heart rate over one month. Results: there were 19 moderate cases and 29 severe cases. The average age was 54 (SD: 15.5) years, with 41.7% being employees, 47.9% obese, and 39.6% hypertensive, 68.8% had typical pneumonia, 29.2% experienced post-traumatic stress, 43.8% had depressive syndrome, and 50% had anxiety disorders. Cardiopulmonary capacity improved from NYHA II (5.7 SD: 1.2) to NYHA I (8.2 SD: 2.0). Independence in activities of daily living (PCFS scale) improved and 36 patients returned to work. There were no severe complications. Conclusion: This study demonstrated a positive impact of the CPRP on cardiopulmonary function and independence in daily and instrumental activities among healthcare workers with COVID-19, with 75% returning to their regular duties.

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          6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study

          Background The long-term health consequences of COVID-19 remain largely unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the long-term health consequences of patients with COVID-19 who have been discharged from hospital and investigate the associated risk factors, in particular disease severity. Methods We did an ambidirectional cohort study of patients with confirmed COVID-19 who had been discharged from Jin Yin-tan Hospital (Wuhan, China) between Jan 7, 2020, and May 29, 2020. Patients who died before follow-up, patients for whom follow-up would be difficult because of psychotic disorders, dementia, or re-admission to hospital, those who were unable to move freely due to concomitant osteoarthropathy or immobile before or after discharge due to diseases such as stroke or pulmonary embolism, those who declined to participate, those who could not be contacted, and those living outside of Wuhan or in nursing or welfare homes were all excluded. All patients were interviewed with a series of questionnaires for evaluation of symptoms and health-related quality of life, underwent physical examinations and a 6-min walking test, and received blood tests. A stratified sampling procedure was used to sample patients according to their highest seven-category scale during their hospital stay as 3, 4, and 5–6, to receive pulmonary function test, high resolution CT of the chest, and ultrasonography. Enrolled patients who had participated in the Lopinavir Trial for Suppression of SARS-CoV-2 in China received severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 antibody tests. Multivariable adjusted linear or logistic regression models were used to evaluate the association between disease severity and long-term health consequences. Findings In total, 1733 of 2469 discharged patients with COVID-19 were enrolled after 736 were excluded. Patients had a median age of 57·0 (IQR 47·0–65·0) years and 897 (52%) were men. The follow-up study was done from June 16, to Sept 3, 2020, and the median follow-up time after symptom onset was 186·0 (175·0–199·0) days. Fatigue or muscle weakness (63%, 1038 of 1655) and sleep difficulties (26%, 437 of 1655) were the most common symptoms. Anxiety or depression was reported among 23% (367 of 1617) of patients. The proportions of median 6-min walking distance less than the lower limit of the normal range were 24% for those at severity scale 3, 22% for severity scale 4, and 29% for severity scale 5–6. The corresponding proportions of patients with diffusion impairment were 22% for severity scale 3, 29% for scale 4, and 56% for scale 5–6, and median CT scores were 3·0 (IQR 2·0–5·0) for severity scale 3, 4·0 (3·0–5·0) for scale 4, and 5·0 (4·0–6·0) for scale 5–6. After multivariable adjustment, patients showed an odds ratio (OR) 1·61 (95% CI 0·80–3·25) for scale 4 versus scale 3 and 4·60 (1·85–11·48) for scale 5–6 versus scale 3 for diffusion impairment; OR 0·88 (0·66–1·17) for scale 4 versus scale 3 and OR 1·77 (1·05–2·97) for scale 5–6 versus scale 3 for anxiety or depression, and OR 0·74 (0·58–0·96) for scale 4 versus scale 3 and 2·69 (1·46–4·96) for scale 5–6 versus scale 3 for fatigue or muscle weakness. Of 94 patients with blood antibodies tested at follow-up, the seropositivity (96·2% vs 58·5%) and median titres (19·0 vs 10·0) of the neutralising antibodies were significantly lower compared with at the acute phase. 107 of 822 participants without acute kidney injury and with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 or more at acute phase had eGFR less than 90 mL/min per 1·73 m2 at follow-up. Interpretation At 6 months after acute infection, COVID-19 survivors were mainly troubled with fatigue or muscle weakness, sleep difficulties, and anxiety or depression. Patients who were more severely ill during their hospital stay had more severe impaired pulmonary diffusion capacities and abnormal chest imaging manifestations, and are the main target population for intervention of long-term recovery. Funding National Natural Science Foundation of China, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences, National Key Research and Development Program of China, Major Projects of National Science and Technology on New Drug Creation and Development of Pulmonary Tuberculosis, and Peking Union Medical College Foundation.
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            2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure: A Report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Joint Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines

            The “2022 AHA/ACC/HFSA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure” replaces the “2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure” and the “2017 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update of the 2013 ACCF/AHA Guideline for the Management of Heart Failure.” The 2022 guideline is intended to provide patient-centric recommendations for clinicians to prevent, diagnose, and manage patients with heart failure. A comprehensive literature search was conducted from May 2020 to December 2020, encompassing studies, reviews, and other evidence conducted on human subjects that were published in English from MEDLINE (PubMed), EMBASE, the Cochrane Collaboration, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, and other relevant databases. Additional relevant clinical trials and research studies, published through September 2021, were also considered. This guideline was harmonized with other American Heart Association/American College of Cardiology guidelines published through December 2021. Heart failure remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally. The 2022 heart failure guideline provides recommendations based on contemporary evidence for the treatment of these patients. The recommendations present an evidence-based approach to managing patients with heart failure, with the intent to improve quality of care and align with patients’ interests. Many recommendations from the earlier heart failure guidelines have been updated with new evidence, and new recommendations have been created when supported by published data. Value statements are provided for certain treatments with high-quality published economic analyses.
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              Effect size estimates: current use, calculations, and interpretation.

              The Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (American Psychological Association, 2001, American Psychological Association, 2010) calls for the reporting of effect sizes and their confidence intervals. Estimates of effect size are useful for determining the practical or theoretical importance of an effect, the relative contributions of factors, and the power of an analysis. We surveyed articles published in 2009 and 2010 in the Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, noting the statistical analyses reported and the associated reporting of effect size estimates. Effect sizes were reported for fewer than half of the analyses; no article reported a confidence interval for an effect size. The most often reported analysis was analysis of variance, and almost half of these reports were not accompanied by effect sizes. Partial η2 was the most commonly reported effect size estimate for analysis of variance. For t tests, 2/3 of the articles did not report an associated effect size estimate; Cohen's d was the most often reported. We provide a straightforward guide to understanding, selecting, calculating, and interpreting effect sizes for many types of data and to methods for calculating effect size confidence intervals and power analysis.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rcca
                Revista Colombiana de Cardiología
                Rev. Colomb. Cardiol.
                Sociedad Colombiana de Cardiologia. Oficina de Publicaciones (Bogota, Cundinamarca, Colombia )
                0120-5633
                June 2024
                : 31
                : 3
                : 152-161
                Affiliations
                [1] Medellín orgnameCentro Integral de Rehabilitación del Sur Colombia
                [2] Medellín Antioquía orgnameUniversidad de Antioquia orgdiv1Facultad de Medicina orgdiv2Grupo Rehabilitación en Salud Colombia
                Article
                S0120-56332024000300152 S0120-5633(24)03100300152
                10.24875/rccar.23000074
                f9344a21-55fb-4936-8d24-3bddaa7df66b

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 24 August 2023
                : 02 May 2024
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 26, Pages: 10
                Product

                SciELO Colombia

                Categories
                Artículo original

                Health care workers,Trabajadores de la salud,Prueba de esfuerzo,Discapacidad,COVID-19,Cardiopulmonary rehabilitation,Rehabilitación cardiopulmonar,Exercise test,Disability

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