There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.
Abstract
A systematic review of the literature was conducted to answer the following 2 questions:
(a) What are the needs of parents who have infants in the neonatal intensive care
unit? (b) What behaviors support parents with an infant in the neonatal intensive
care unit?
Using the search terms "parents or parenting" and the "neonatal intensive care unit,"
computer library databases including Medline and CINAHL were searched for qualitative
and quantitative studies. Only research published in English between 1998 and 2008
was included in the review.
Based on the inclusion criteria, 60 studies were selected.
Study contents were analyzed with the 2 research questions in mind.
Existing research was organized into 1 of 3 tables based on the question answered.
Nineteen articles addressed the first question, 24 addressed the second, and 17 addressed
both.
Six needs were identified for parents who had an infant in the neonatal intensive
care unit: (a) accurate information and inclusion in the infant's care, (b) vigilant
watching-over and protecting the infant, (c) contact with the infant, (d) being positively
perceived by the nursery staff, (e) individualized care, and (f) a therapeutic relationship
with the nursing staff. Four nursing behaviors were identified to assist parents in
meeting these needs: (a) emotional support, (b) parent empowerment, (c) a welcoming
environment with supportive unit policies, and (d) parent education with an opportunity
to practice new skills through guided participation.