[1
]Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, LE1 7RH, UK
[2
]Population Health and Immunity Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical
Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
[3
]Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
[4
]Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachussetts,
USA
[5
]Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston,
Massachussetts, USA
[6
]Target Sciences, GlaxoSmithKline, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, USA
[7
]Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University,
Bangkok, Thailand
[8
]Division of Genetics, Genomics and Precision Medicine, Department of Medicine, University
of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA
[9
]Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
[10
]Medical Research Council Population Health Research Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford,
UK
[11
]The University of British Columbia Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul’s Hospital,
Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
[12
]Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University
of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
[13
]Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC–PHE Centre for Environment & Health,
School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
[14
]A list of contributors can be found in the
Supplementary Note
[15
]Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Department of Functional
Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
[16
]Centre for Global Health Research, Usher Institute for Population Health Sciences
and Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
[17
]Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
[18
]Department of Biostatistics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
[19
]MRC/BHF Cardiovascular Epidemiology Unit, Department of Public Health and Primary
Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
[20
]Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, New York, USA
[21
]Busselton Population Medical Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands,
Western Australia, Australia
[22
]School of Population Health, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, Western
Australia Australia
[23
]PathWest Laboratory Medicine of WA, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Crawley, Western
Australia, Australia
[24
]School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The University of Western Australia,
Crawley, Western Australia, Australia
[25
]Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen – German Research Center for
Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
[26
]Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine,
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
[27
]Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung
Research (DZL), Munich, Germany
[28
]Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
[29
]University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
[30
]Centre for Cognitive Ageing and Cognitive Epidemiology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh,
UK
[31
]Centre for Genomic and Experimental Medicine, Institute of Genetics & Molecular Medicine,
University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
[32
]Medical Research Council Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular
Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
[33
]Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala
Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
[34
]Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), University of Helsinki, Helsinki,
Finland
[35
]The National Institute for Health and Welfare (THL), Helsinki, Finland
[36
]Department of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular
Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere,
Tampere, Finland
[37
]Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
[38
]Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Public Health, Baltimore,
Maryland, USA
[39
]Department of Molecular Medicine, Laval University, Québec, Canada
[40
]Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Québec, Laval University,
Québec, Canada
[41
]University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology
and Medical Biology, GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen,
The Netherlands
[42
]National Jewish Health, Denver, Colorado, USA
[43
]Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, National Jewish Health, Denver,
Colorado, USA
[44
]British Heart Foundation Cambridge Centre of Excellence, Division of Cardiovascular
Medicine, Addenbrooke’s Hospital, Cambridge, UK
[45
]Department of Human Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
[46
]NIHR Blood and Transplant Research Unit in Donor Health and Genomics, Department of
Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
[47
]Department of Internal Medicine B - Cardiology, Intensive Care, Pulmonary Medicine
and Infectious Diseases, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
[48
]Research Unit of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum
Muenchen – German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
[49
]Centre for Environmental Health & Sustainability, University of Leicester, Leicester,
UK
[50
]UK Small Area Health Statistics Unit, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School
of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
[51
]Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK
[52
]Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai,
New York, New York, USA
[53
]Department of Epidemiology, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora,
Colorado, USA
[54
]Department of Molecular Biology, Medical Biochemistry, and Pathology, Laval University,
Québec, Canada
[55
]MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge,
UK
[56
]Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center,
Beijing, China
[57
]Department of Medical Sciences, Cardiovascular Epidemiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala,
Sweden
[58
]GSK R&D, Collegeville, Pennsylvania, US
[59
]Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
[60
]MRL, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, New Jersey, USA
[61
]The Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen Biomedical Imaging Centre, University
of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
[62
]Gossamer Bio, San Diego, California, USA
[63
]Division of Respiratory Medicine and NIHR-Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, University
of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
[64
]Respiratory Division, Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver,
British Columbia, Canada
[65
]Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital and Medical School,
University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
[66
]Psychiatric Genetics Unit, Group of Psychiatry, Mental Health and Addiction, Vall
d’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona,
Spain
[67
]Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
[68
]Biomedical Network Research Centre on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud
Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
[69
]VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
[70
]Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts,
USA
[71
]University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology,
GRIAC Research Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
[72
]Target Sciences - R&D, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Stevenage, UK
[73
]UCSF Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, University of California
San Francisco, California, USA
[74
]Department of Computer Science, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, USA
[75
]Lewis-Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics, Princeton University, Princeton,
New Jersey, USA
[76
]Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Turku University Hospital,
Turku, Finland
[77
]Research Centre of Applied and Preventive Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Turku,
Turku, Finland
[78
]Department of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular
Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, University of Tampere,
Tampere, Finland
[79
]University of Split School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
[80
]Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
[81
]Department of Pulmonary Physiology and Sleep Medicine, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital,
Nedlands, Western Australia, Australia
[82
]School of Medicine and Pharmacology, The University of Western Australia, Crawley,
Western Australia, Australia
[83
]Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
[84
]Institute of Translational Genomics, Helmholtz Zentrum Muenchen – German Research
Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
[85
]Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu,
Finland
[86
]Biocenter Oulu, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
[87
]Unit of Primary Health Care, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
[88
]Department of Life Sciences, College of Health and Life Sciences, Brunel University
London, Uxbridge, UK
[89
]Population Health Research Institute, St George’s, University of London, London, UK
[90
]National Institute for Health Research, Leicester Respiratory Biomedical Research
Centre, Glenfield Hospital, Leicester, UK
