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      A comparative evaluation of fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with different post core systems - an in-vitro study

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          Abstract

          PURPOSE

          To compare the fracture resistance and the mode of failure of endodontically treated teeth restored with different post-core systems.

          MATERIALS AND METHODS

          Root canal treatment was performed on 40 maxillary incisors and the samples were divided into four groups of 10 each. For three experimental groups post space preparation was done and teeth were restored with cast post-core (Group B), stainless steel post with composite core (Group C) and glass fiber post with composite core using adhesive resin cement (Group D). Control group (A) samples were selected with intact coronal structure. All the samples were prepared for ideal abutment preparation. All the samples were subjected to a load of 0.5 mm/min at 130° until fracture occurred using the universal testing machine. The fracture resistance was measured and the data were analyzed statistically. The fracture above the embedded resin was considered to be favorable and the fracture below the level was considered as unfavorable. The statistical analysis of fracture resistance between different groups was carried out with t-test. For the mode of failure the statistical analysis was carried out by Kruskal-Wallis test and Chi-Square test.

          RESULTS

          For experimental group Vs control group the fracture resistance values showed significant differences ( P<.05). For the mode of failure the chi-square value is 16.1610, which means highly significant ( P=.0009) statistically.

          CONCLUSION

          Endodontically treated teeth without post core system showed the least fracture resistance demonstrating the need to reinforce the tooth. Stainless steel post with composite core showed the highest fracture resistance among all the experimental groups. Teeth restored with the Glass fiber post showed the most favorable fractures making them more amenable to the re-treatment.

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          Resistance to fracture of endodontically treated teeth restored with different post systems.

          Begüm Akkayan, Turgut Gülmez (2002)
          Very little is known about the resistance to fracture of endodontically treated teeth restored with newly developed esthetic post systems. Purpose. This in vitro study compared the effect of 1 titanium and 3 esthetic post systems on the fracture resistance and fracture patterns of crowned, endodontically treated teeth. A total of 40 recently extracted human maxillary canines with their crowns removed were endodontically treated. Four groups of 10 specimens were formed. Teeth were restored with titanium, quartz fiber, glass fiber, and zirconia posts and numbered as groups 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively. All posts were cemented with Single Bond dental adhesive system and dual-polymerizing RelyX ARC adhesive resin cement. All teeth were restored with composite cores, and metal crowns were fabricated and cemented with glass ionomer cement. Each specimen was embedded in acrylic resin and then secured in a universal load-testing machine. A compressive load was applied at a 130-degree angle to the long axis of the tooth until fracture, at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. One-way analysis of variance and a Tukey test were used to determine the significance of the failure loads between groups (P .05). Fractures that would allow repair of the tooth were observed in groups 2 and 3, whereas unrestorable, catastrophic fractures were observed in groups 1 and 4 (P<.001). Within the limitations of this study, significantly higher failure loads were recorded for root canal treated teeth restored with quartz fiber posts. Fractures that would allow repeated repair were observed in teeth restored with quartz fiber and glass fiber posts.
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            Fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth restored with composite posts.

            Mary Rafter, E Billy, Peter Yaman … (2003)
            The most recent application of fiber-reinforced composites involves their use as post and core systems to restore endodontically treated teeth. Even though this last application has been advertised and used clinically by many dentists, there is very little information regarding the physical properties of these post systems. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of 3 fiber-reinforced composite post systems on the fracture resistance and mode of failure of endodontically treated teeth. Ninety maxillary central incisors were divided into 8 experimental groups and 1 stainless steel (ParaPost) control group of 10 specimens each. Eighty teeth were assigned to 2 main experimental groups called "narrow" and "flared" canals. For the narrow canal group, post spaces were prepared with the corresponding reamer to restore the teeth with FibreKor, Luscent anchors, and Ribbond posts of 1.5 mm, 1.6 mm, and 2.0 mm in diameter, respectively. For the flared canals group thin-walled canals were simulated. Teeth for the flared canals were restored with the same posts but were cemented into tapered 2 mm wide canals created with a tapered diamond bur. Prefabricated posts (FibreKor and Luscent anchors) for narrow and flared canals were cemented with an autopolymerized resin cement and a flowable composite, respectively, whereas customized Ribbond posts were luted with a light-polymerized flowable composite for both canal types. An additional set of 20 Ribbond posts with coronal portions of variable size and shape referred to as "Ribbond nonstandardized" were also prepared and evaluated. Specimens were loaded to failure (kg) with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.05 cm/min until failure occurred. Data were analyzed with analysis of variance and Student t tests (P<.05). Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference between flared and narrow canals in mean load to failure between the post systems except for the Ribbond posts (P<.01). For the narrow canal, the mean load ranged from a low of 4.55 (+/-1.49) kg for the Ribbond standard to a high of 12.9 (+/-1.64) kg for the Luscent anchors. For the flared canal the low mean was 9.04 (+/-1.76) kg for FibreKor and the high was equal for both Luscent anchors and Ribbond standard, 12.87 (+/-2.69) and 12.87 (+/-3.54), respectively. Overall, the ParaPost control group had the highest load value (18.33 +/- 3.27 kg) (P<.05). Ribbond nonstandardized had a mean load to failure of 24.91 (+/-11.53) Kg for the narrow canal group and 31.95 (+/-11.98) kg for the flared canal. Results from these groups were excluded from the statistical analysis because of the uncontrolled core sizes and high standard deviations. No root fractures occurred in any of the experimental groups. Results from the study show that the load to failure of the stainless steel posts were significantly stronger than all the composite posts studied. However, the mode of failure or deflection of the fiber-reinforced composite posts is protective to the remaining tooth structure.
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              Comparison of the fracture resistances of pulpless teeth restored with a cast post and core or carbon-fiber post with a composite core.

              Arturo Martínez-Ínsua, Luís da Silva, Benito Rilo … (1998)
              The survival of pulpless teeth restored with a post and core system is a controversial issue. This study compared the fracture resistance of 2 types of restorations: teeth restored with prefabricated carbon-fiber posts and composite cores to cast dowel-core restored teeth. A total of 44 recently extracted sound premolars were randomly distributed into 2 equal groups: group I, restored with prefabricated carbon-fiber post and a composite core; and group II, with custom-cast type III gold alloy post and cores. The size and shape of the posts were identical in the 2 groups. All teeth were fully covered with a nonprecious cast crown. Fracture resistance was measured by applying a point force at 45 degrees to the long angle of the tooth. Mean fracture threshold was 103.7 +/- 53.1 kg for group I versus 202.7 +/- 125.0 kg for group II (differences significant with P = .003). In group II, however, fracture nearly always affected the tooth itself, whereas in group I, the post-core nearly always failed first. Significantly higher fracture thresholds were recorded for the cast post and core group. Teeth restored with cast posts typically showed fracture of the tooth, although at loads rarely occurring clinically.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Adv Prosthodont
                Journal ID (publisher-id): JAP
                Title: The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
                Publisher: The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
                ISSN (Print): 2005-7806
                ISSN (Electronic): 2005-7814
                Publication date (Print): June 2011
                Publication date (Electronic): 30 June 2011
                Volume: 3
                Issue: 2
                Pages: 90-95
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Conservative Dentistry, VSPM's Dental College and Research Centre Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
                [2 ]Department of Conservative Dentistry, Peoples College of Dental Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India.
                [3 ]Department of Conservative Dentistry, Government Dental College & Hospital, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
                [4 ]Department of Prosthodontics, Government Dental College & Hospital Nagpur, Maharashtra, India.
                Author notes
                Corresponding author: Chetana S. Makade. Department of Conservative Dentistry, VSPM's Dental College and Research Centre, Digdoh Hills, Hingna Road, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India. Tel. 91 9372690962: makade.chetana@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                DOI: 10.4047/jap.2011.3.2.90
                PMC ID: 3141125
                PubMed ID: 21814618
                SO-VID: f89520ff-6d57-4b26-be59-c99e6782eed7
                Copyright © © 2011 The Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
                License:

                This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 24 March 2011
                Date revision received : 21 April 2011
                Date accepted : 22 April 2011
                Categories
                Subject: Original Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: prefabricated stainless steel posts,cast post core,glass fiber post,fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Dentistry
                Keywords: prefabricated stainless steel posts, cast post core, glass fiber post, fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth

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