Hospital-based home care (HBHC) is widely applied in Pediatric Oncology. We reviewed the potential effect of HBHC on children's physical health and risk of adverse events, parental and child satisfaction, quality of life of children and their parents, and costs. A search of PubMed, CINAHL, and EMBASE led to identification of five studies that met the inclusion criteria. All sample sizes were small, and both the interventions and the outcome measures were diverse. Although burdened by these limitations, the studies indicate that HBHC is feasible and carries no crucial negative effects for children with cancer. Copyright © 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc.