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      Enfermedades ocupacionales por exposición a benceno en trabajadores de gasolineras Translated title: Occupational diseases from exposure to benzene in gas station workers

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          Abstract

          Resumen El estudio comprende una revisión sistemática exploratoria sobre las “Enfermedades ocupacionales por exposición a benceno en trabajadores de gasolineras”, partiendo del conocimiento, que las exposiciones al benceno generan serias repercusiones en la salud de las personas, reconocidas estas afectaciones a nivel internacional por estudios y normas que establecen los límites permisibles, en el Ecuador los estudios son incipientes, por lo que se lleva a efectos esta revisión con el objetivo de analizar y sintetizar la información existente sobre las enfermedades ocupacionales por exposición a benceno en trabajadores de gasolineras. La metodología empleada fue una revisión sistemática exploratoria, con estrategia de búsqueda, efectuada en bases de datos de acceso abierto de Scopus, Redalyc y SciELO, la selección se realizó por decantaciones, basadas en los criterios de inclusión y exclusión, además del apoyo de las variables de estudio, para la selección de los 32 artículos pertinentes. Los resultandos corroboran las afectaciones que produce la exposición al benceno y se concluye que es necesario realizar estudios que identifiquen las exposiciones extremas de acuerdo al cumplimiento de las normas internacionales; es oportuno que en Ecuador se profundice en este tema y se capacite a los trabajadores expuestos al benceno.

          Translated abstract

          Abstract The study includes a systematic exploratory review on "Occupational diseases due to exposure to benzene in gas station workers", based on the knowledge that exposures to benzene generate serious repercussions on people's health, these conditions being recognized internationally by studies and norms that establish the permissible limits, in Ecuador the studies are incipient, so this review is carried out with the aim of analyzing and synthesizing the existing information on occupational diseases due to exposure to benzene in gas station workers. The methodology used was a systematic exploratory review, with a search strategy, carried out in open access databases of Scopus, Redalyc and SciELO, the selection was made by decantations, based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, in addition to the support of the study variables, for the selection of the 32 relevant articles. The results corroborate the affectations produced by the exposure to benzene and it is concluded that it is necessary to carry out studies that identify extreme exposures according to compliance with international standards; it is opportune that in Ecuador this topic is deepened and workers exposed to benzene are trained.

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          Most cited references29

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          On field calibration of an electronic nose for benzene estimation in an urban pollution monitoring scenario

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            Characteristics and health effects of BTEX in a hot spot for urban pollution.

            This study reports a spatiotemporal characterization of toluene, benzene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes concentrations (BTEX) in an urban hot spot in Iran, specifically at an bus terminal region in Shiraz. Sampling was carried out according to NIOSH Compendium Method 1501. The inverse distance weighting (IDW) method was applied for spatial mapping. The Monte Carlo simulation technique was applied to evaluate carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk owing to BTEX exposure. The highest average BTEX concentrations were observed for benzene in the morning (at 7:00-9:00 A.M. local time) (26.15 ± 17.65 µg/m3) and evening (at 6:00-8:00 P.M. local time) (34.44 ± 15.63 µg/m3). The benzene to toluene ratios in the morning and evening were 2.02 and 3.07, respectively. The main sources of BTEX were gas stations and a municipal solid waste transfer station. The inhalation lifetime cancer risk (LTCR) for benzene in the morning and evening were 1.96 × 10-4 and 2.49 × 10-4, respectively, which exceeds the recommended value by US EPA and WHO. The hazard quotient (HQ) of all these pollutants was less than 1. The results of this work have implications for public health near 'hot spots' such as IKBT where large populations are exposed to carcinogenic emissions.
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              Revisiones Sistemáticas Exploratorias

              Debido al gran avance que se ha producido en los últimos años en el ámbito de la investigación científica, no sólo disponemos cada vez de más información si no que esta es a su vez más compleja. Las revisiones exploratorias permiten sintetizar la evidencia existente respecto a un tema en salud incorporando diferentes diseños de estudio, intervenciones y medidas de impacto con el fin de generar nuevas hipótesis, líneas de investigación o proponer métodos de trabajo más adecuados para futuras investigaciones. Esto es posible aplicando criterios de evaluación de la calidad de los documentos encontrados y del grado de evidencia científica.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                rsan
                Revista San Gregorio
                Revista San Gregorio
                Universidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo (Portoviejo, Manabí, Ecuador )
                1390-7247
                2528-7907
                September 2020
                : 40
                : 157-175
                Affiliations
                [1] Manabí orgnameUniversidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo orgdiv1Maestría de Seguridad y Salud Ocupacional “Tercera Cohorte” Ecuador ma_mercedes_23@ 123456hotmail.com
                [4] Manabí orgnameUniversidad Laica Eloy Alfaro de Manabí Ecuador esteliagarcia@ 123456hotmail.com
                [2] Manabí orgnameUniversidad San Gregorio de Portoviejo Ecuador mariaelenatorrensperez@ 123456gmail.com
                [3] Portoviejo Manabí orgnameMinisterio de Educación Ecuador luisio_@ 123456hotmail.com
                Article
                S2528-79072020000300157 S2528-7907(20)00004000157
                10.36097/rsan.v1i40.1395
                f6588132-95d2-447b-a692-6443ed08faa4

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 26 August 2020
                : 26 June 2020
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 32, Pages: 19
                Product

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                riesgos químicos,Occupational diseases from exposure to benzene,benzene exposure,chemical hazards,Enfermedades ocupacionales por exposición a benceno,exposición a benceno

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