64
views
0
recommends
+1 Recommend
0 collections
    0
    shares
      • Record: found
      • Abstract: found
      • Article: found
      Is Open Access

      Prevalence and factors associated with violence and abuse of older adults in Mexico’s 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey

      research-article

      Read this article at

      Bookmark
          There is no author summary for this article yet. Authors can add summaries to their articles on ScienceOpen to make them more accessible to a non-specialist audience.

          Abstract

          Background

          Factors associated with violence and the abuse of older adults are understudied and its prevalence in Mexico has not been reported. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence and factors associated with violence and abuse of older adults in Mexico.

          Methods

          We used Mexico’s 2012 National Health and Nutrition Survey, which included a sample of 8,894 individuals who are 60 years or older and who self-reported a negative health event related to robbery, aggression or violence in the previous 12 months. We used chi-squared test and Fisher’s exact test to analyze the variables related to violence. Adjusted estimates were completed with multiple logistic regression models for complex surveys.

          Results

          The prevalence of violence was 1.7 % for both men and women. In 95 % of the cases, the aggression was from an unknown party. Verbal aggressions were the most prevalent (60 %). Among men, physical aggression was more common. Violence frequently occurred in the home (37.6 %); however, men were primarily assaulted in public places (42.4 %), in comparison to women (30.7 %). There were also differences in the risk factors for violence. Among men, risk was associated with younger age (60–64 years), higher education (secondary school or above) and higher socioeconomic status. Among women, risk was associated with depression, not being the head of the family, and region of the country.

          Conclusions

          Violence against older adults presents differently for men and women, which means it is necessary to increase knowledge about the dynamics of the social determinants of violence, particularly in regards to the role of education among men. The relatively low prevalence found in this study may reflect the difficulty and fear of discussing the topic of violence. This may occur because of cultural factors, as well as by the perception of helplessness perpetuated by the scarce access to social programs that ensure protection and problem solving with regards to the complex social determinants of individual and family violence that this population group endures.

          Abstracto

          Antecedentes

          Los factores asociados con la violencia y el abuso de los adultos mayores están poco estudiados y su prevalencia en México no ha sido reportada. El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados a la violencia y el abuso de los adultos mayores en México.

          Metodología

          Se utilizó la Encuesta Nacional de Salud y Nutrición 2012. La muestra estuvo conformada por 8,894 personas de 60 años de edad o mayores que autoreportaron haber sufrido algún daño a la salud por robo, agresión o violencia en los últimos 12 meses. Se efectuó un análisis de factores asociados con la violencia con las pruebas ji cuadrada y la exacta de Fisher; se obtuvieron estimaciones ajustadas con modelos de regresión logística múltiple para encuestas complejas.

          Resultados

          La prevalencia de violencia fue de 1.7 % para ambos sexos. En el 95 % de los casos, la agresión provino de personas sin vínculo filial. Predominaron las agresiones verbales (60 %), aunque entre los hombres fueron más comunes las agresiones físicas. La violencia se produjo con mayor frecuencia en el hogar (37.6 %); sin embargo, los hombres fueron agredidos principalmente en la vía pública (42.4 %), comparado con las mujeres (30.7 %). También hubo diferencias en los factores de riesgo para sufrir violencia: en hombres se asocia con menor edad (60 a 64 años), mayor escolaridad (secundaria o más) y mayor nivel socioeconómico; en las mujeres, con tener depresión, no ser jefe de familia y la región del país.

          Conclusiones

          La violencia contra las personas mayores se presenta de manera diferencial entre hombres y mujeres. Es necesario profundizar en los determinantes sociales de la violencia, en particular en el papel de la escolaridad entre los varones. La prevalencia relativamente baja, en comparación con otros estudios, puede obedecer a la dificultad y al temor para hablar sobre este tema tanto por razones culturales, como por la indefensión frente al escaso acceso a programas sociales que den protección y solución y que incidan sobre los determinantes sociales asociados a la violencia familiar y social que sufre este grupo poblacional.

          Related collections

          Most cited references28

          • Record: found
          • Abstract: found
          • Article: not found

          The prevalence of elder abuse and neglect: a systematic review.

          to perform a systematic review of studies measuring the prevalence of elder abuse or neglect, either reported by older people themselves, or family and professional caregivers or investigated using objective measures. we conducted a comprehensive literature search of multiple databases up to October 2006, supplemented by a search of the references of all relevant articles. Validity of studies was graded by two authors independently using a standardised checklist. forty-nine studies met our inclusion criteria, of which only seven used measures for which reliability and validity had been assessed. In the general population studies, 6% of older people reported significant abuse in the last month and 5.6% of couples reported physical violence in their relationship in the last year. In studies using valid instruments involving vulnerable elders, nearly a quarter reported significant levels of psychological abuse. Five per cent of family caregivers reported physical abuse towards care recipients with dementia in a year, and a third reported any significant abuse. Sixteen per cent of care home staff admitted significant psychological abuse. Rates of abuse recorded using objective measures (5%) or reported to home management or adult protective services (APS) (1-2%) were low. one in four vulnerable elders are at risk of abuse and only a small proportion of this is currently detected. Elders and family and professional caregivers are willing to report abuse and should be asked about it routinely. Valid, reliable measures and consensus on what constitutes an adequate standard for validity of abuse measures are needed.
            Bookmark
            • Record: found
            • Abstract: found
            • Article: not found

            Risk factors for reported elder abuse and neglect: a nine-year observational cohort study.

            To determine longitudinal risk factors for elder abuse and neglect, an established cohort of community-dwelling older adults (n = 2,812) was linked with elderly protective service records over a 9-year follow-up period. Protective services saw 184 (6.5%) individuals in the cohort for any indication, and 47 cohort members were seen for corroborated elder abuse or neglect for a sampling adjusted 9-year prevalence of 1.6% (95% CI 1.0%, 2.1%). In pooled logistic regression, age, race, poverty, functional disability, and cognitive impairment were identified as risk factors for reported elder mistreatment. Additionally, the onset of new cognitive impairment was also associated with elder abuse and neglect. Because the mechanism of elder mistreatment case-finding in this study was a social welfare system (protective services), the influence of race and poverty as risk factors is likely to be overestimated due to reporting bias.
              Bookmark
              • Record: found
              • Abstract: found
              • Article: not found

              The high prevalence of depression and dementia in elder abuse or neglect.

              The risk factors for mistreatment of older people include age, race, low income, functional or cognitive impairment, a history of violence, and recent stressful events. There is little information in the literature concerning the clinical profile of mistreated older people. To describe the characteristics of abused or neglected patients and to compare the prevalence of depression and dementia in neglected patients with that of patients referred for other reasons. A case control study. Baylor College of Medicine Geriatrics Clinic at the Harris County Hospital District (Houston, Texas). Forty-seven older persons referred for neglect and 97 referred for other reasons. Comprehensive geriatric assessment. Standard geriatric assessment tools. There was a statistically significant higher prevalence of depression (62% vs 12%) and dementia (51% vs 30%) in victims of self-neglect compared to patients referred for other reasons. This is the first primary data study that highlights a high prevalence of depression as well as dementia in mistreated older people. Geriatric clinicians should rule out elder neglect or abuse in their depressed or demented patients.
                Bookmark

                Author and article information

                Contributors
                beatriz.duarte@insp.mx
                Journal
                Int J Equity Health
                Int J Equity Health
                International Journal for Equity in Health
                BioMed Central (London )
                1475-9276
                27 February 2016
                27 February 2016
                2016
                : 15
                : 35
                Affiliations
                [ ]Instituo Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, México
                [ ]Centro de Estudios para la Equidad y Gobernanza en los Sistemas de Salud de Guatemala, and Center for International Health, Bergen University, Bergen, Norway
                [ ]Independent consultant, Quintana Roo, Mexico
                Article
                315
                10.1186/s12939-016-0315-y
                4769586
                26920364
                f6520691-6371-4ab7-a16b-ccf0cde06a32
                © Ruelas-González et al. 2016

                Open AccessThis article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver ( http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

                History
                : 27 November 2015
                : 4 February 2016
                Funding
                Funded by: National Institute of Public Health
                Categories
                Research
                Custom metadata
                © The Author(s) 2016

                Health & Social care
                abuse,violence,older adults,aging,mexico,maltrato,violencia,personas mayores,méxico
                Health & Social care
                abuse, violence, older adults, aging, mexico, maltrato, violencia, personas mayores, méxico

                Comments

                Comment on this article

                scite_
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Smart Citations
                0
                0
                0
                0
                Citing PublicationsSupportingMentioningContrasting
                View Citations

                See how this article has been cited at scite.ai

                scite shows how a scientific paper has been cited by providing the context of the citation, a classification describing whether it supports, mentions, or contrasts the cited claim, and a label indicating in which section the citation was made.

                Similar content241

                Cited by14

                Most referenced authors195