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      The relationship between personalities and self-report positive driving behavior in a Chinese sample

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          Abstract

          Driving behaviors play an important role in accident involvement. Concretely speaking, aberrant driving behaviors would cause more accidents, and oppositely positive driving behaviors would promote to build safety traffic environment. The main goals of this study were to explore the positive driving behavior and its relationship with personality in a Chinese sample. A total of 421 licensed drivers (286 male and 135 female) from Beijing, China completed the Positive Driver Behavior Scale (PDBS), the Driver Behavior Questionnaire (DBQ), the Dula Dangerous Driving Index (DDDI) and the Big Five Inventory (BFI) on a voluntary and anonymous basis. The results showed that the Chinese version of the PDBS has both reliability and validity and that the PDBS was significantly correlated with the BFI. Specifically, the PDBS was negatively correlated with neuroticism ( r = -0.38) and positively correlated with extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness and openness to experience (the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.36 to 0.55). In contrast with previous research, age was negatively correlated with the PDBS ( r = -0.38) in our sample, which may have resulted from less driving experience or a lack of available cognitive resources.

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          Gender differences in personality: a meta-analysis.

          Four meta-analyses were conducted to examine gender differences in personality in the literature (1958-1992) and in normative data for well-known personality inventories (1940-1992). Males were found to be more assertive and had slightly higher self-esteem than females. Females were higher than males in extraversion, anxiety, trust, and, especially, tender-mindedness (e.g., nurturance). There were no noteworthy sex differences in social anxiety, impulsiveness, activity, ideas (e.g., reflectiveness), locus of control, and orderliness. Gender differences in personality traits were generally constant across ages, years of data collection, educational levels, and nations.
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            Driving anger, sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness in the prediction of unsafe driving.

            The present study investigated the potential contribution of sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness to driving anger in the prediction of aggressive and risky driving. Two hundred and twenty-four college student participants completed measures of trait driving anger, aggressive and risky driving, driving anger expression, sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness. Findings provided additional support for the utility of the Driving Anger Scale (DAS; Deffenbacher, J.L., Oetting, E.R., Lynch, R.S., Development of a driving anger scale, Psychological Reports, 74, 1994, 83-91.) in predicting unsafe driving. In addition, hierarchical multiple regression analyses demonstrated that sensation seeking, impulsiveness, and boredom proneness provided incremental improvements beyond the DAS in the prediction of crash-related conditions, aggressive driving, risky driving, and driving anger expression. Results support the use of multiple predictors in understanding unsafe driving behavior.
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              The relationship between testosterone and aggression: a meta-analysis

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: Formal analysisRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Funding acquisitionRole: InvestigationRole: Project administrationRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: ConceptualizationRole: Formal analysisRole: Funding acquisitionRole: MethodologyRole: Project administrationRole: Writing – original draft
                Role: Funding acquisitionRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Funding acquisitionRole: Writing – review & editing
                Role: Editor
                Journal
                PLoS One
                PLoS ONE
                plos
                plosone
                PLoS ONE
                Public Library of Science (San Francisco, CA USA )
                1932-6203
                11 January 2018
                2018
                : 13
                : 1
                : e0190746
                Affiliations
                [1 ] CAS Key Laboratory of Behavioral Science, Institute of Psychology, Beijing, China
                [2 ] Department of Psychology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
                Universitat de Valencia, SPAIN
                Author notes

                Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

                Author information
                http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4701-6144
                Article
                PONE-D-17-12205
                10.1371/journal.pone.0190746
                5764283
                29324823
                f6375d82-7793-443f-b678-e824127ee0fe
                © 2018 Shen et al

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

                History
                : 29 March 2017
                : 11 December 2017
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 5, Pages: 16
                Funding
                Funded by: the National Key Research and Development Plan of China
                Award ID: 2017YFB0802800
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 31400886
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 31100750
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: the Basic Project of National Science and Technology of China
                Award ID: 2009FY110100
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: the Pioneer Initiative of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Feature Institutes Program
                Award ID: TSS-2015-06
                Award Recipient :
                Funded by: the National Natural Science Foundation of China
                Award ID: 31771225
                Award Recipient :
                This study was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Plan of China (2017YFB0802800), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 31100750, 31400886, 31771225), the Basic Project of National Science and Technology of China (No. 2009FY110100), the Pioneer Initiative of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Feature Institutes Program (TSS-2015-06). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.
                Categories
                Research Article
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Behavior
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Public and Occupational Health
                Safety
                Traffic Safety
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Personality
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Personality
                Medicine and Health Sciences
                Public and Occupational Health
                Traumatic Injury Risk Factors
                Road Traffic Collisions
                Biology and Life Sciences
                Psychology
                Personality
                Personality Traits
                Social Sciences
                Psychology
                Personality
                Personality Traits
                People and Places
                Population Groupings
                Age Groups
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Research Assessment
                Research Validity
                Research and Analysis Methods
                Research Design
                Survey Research
                Questionnaires
                Custom metadata
                All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files.

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