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      Mudanças fonológicas após aplicação de abordagem terapêutica baseada em traços distintivos no tratamento do desvio fonológico Translated title: Phonological changes after the application of therapy approach based on distinctive features in the treatment of phonological disorder

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          Abstract

          Este estudo teve como objetivo comparar as mudanças fonológicas decorrentes da aplicação de uma abordagem de terapia fonoaudiológica baseada em traços distintivos, utilizando dois tipos de sons-alvo (que enfatizam o contraste e que enfatizam o reforço de traços distintivos) no tratamento do desvio fonológico. A amostra foi constituída por sete crianças (quatro meninos e três meninas) com desvio fonológico, com idades entre 3 anos e 10 meses e 6 anos e 9 meses. As crianças foram classificadas de acordo com o grau do desvio fonológico e posteriormente, foram submetidas ao tratamento por meio do Modelo de Oposições Máximas Modificado. Em cada grau foram agrupados dois sujeitos, sendo que um foi tratado pelo "contraste" e o outro pelo "reforço" dos traços distintivos que apresentavam dificuldade. Somente o grau moderado-severo foi composto por apenas um sujeito. Após 20 sessões terapêuticas foram analisadas as mudanças fonológicas pré e pós-tratamento, considerando-se a forma de apresentação do estímulo ("contraste" e "reforço"). Todos os sujeitos tratados pelo "contraste" e pelo "reforço" apresentaram aumento no Percentual de Consoantes Corretas, no número de sons adquiridos e nas generalizações em seus inventários fonológicos. Verificou-se que ambos os grupos apresentaram mudanças em seus inventários fonológicos. Na análise comparativa entre os grupos foi observado que os dois grupos, tratados pelo "contraste" e pelo "reforço", demonstraram diferenças em relação aos tipos de generalizações apresentadas.

          Translated abstract

          This study aimed to compare the phonological changes due to the application of a speech therapy approach based on distinctive features, using two types of target sounds (the ones which emphasize the contrast, and others which reinforce the distinctive features) in the treatment of phonological disorder. The sample was constituted by seven children with phonological disorder (four boys and three girls), with ages between 3 years and 10 months and 6 years and 9 months. The children were classified according to the severity of the phonological disorder and then underwent treatment based on the Modified Maximal Oppositions Model. Two subjects were grouped for each degree; one subject was treated by "contrast" and the other one by "reinforcement" of the distinctive features in which they showed difficulties. The moderate-severe degree was the only one to include only one subject. After 20 therapy sessions, the phonological changes before and after the treatment were analyzed, considering the type of stimulus presented ("contrast" or "reinforcement"). All subjects, either treated by "contrast" or "reinforcement", showed an increase in their Percentage of Consonants Correct (PCC), in the number of acquired sounds and of generalizations in their phonological inventories. It was verified that both groups presented changes in their phonological inventories. On the comparative analysis between the groups, it was observed that both groups, treated by "contrast" and by "reinforcement", demonstrated differences regarding the types of generalizations studied.

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          Intervention for children with severe speech disorder: a comparison of two approaches.

          Children with speech disorder are a heterogeneous group (e.g. in terms of severity, types of errors and underlying causal factors). Much research has ignored this heterogeneity, giving rise to contradictory intervention study findings. This situation provides clinical motivation to identify the deficits in the speech-processing chain that underlie different subgroups of developmental speech disorder. Intervention targeting different deficits should result in a differential response to intervention across these subgroups.
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            Phonological change and the representation of consonant clusters in Spanish: a case study.

            This single-subject case study evaluates effects of treatment of a complex onset on the sound system of a monolingual Spanish-speaking child (female, aged 3;9) with phonological delay. Pre-treatment, the child excluded all consonant+liquid clusters, as well as tap /[symbol: see text]/ and trill /r/. Immediately following training on /f[symbol: see text]-/ in non-words, the child generalized across consonant+liquid clusters and the tap singleton. These improvements continued to 2 months post-treatment follow-up, with the ultimate addition of the trill at that point in time. Consonant+glide sequences, whose structural status as complex onsets is debated in the Spanish phonology literature, patterned differently from consonant+liquid sequences. Specific findings are viewed in light of linguistic markedness, syllable structure, sonority sequencing, and the representation of consonant clusters.
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              Assessment, target selection, and intervention: dynamic interactions within a systemic perspective

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                Author and article information

                Journal
                jsbf
                Jornal da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia
                J. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol.
                Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                2179-6491
                2012
                : 24
                : 3
                : 282-287
                Affiliations
                [02] Nova Friburgo RJ orgnameUniversidade Federal Fluminense orgdiv1Curso de Fonoaudiologia Brasil
                [03] Santa Maria RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana Brasil
                [04] Santa Maria RS orgnameUniversidade Federal de Santa Maria orgdiv1Curso de Fonoaudiologia e Programa de Pós-Graduação em Distúrbios da Comunicação Humana Brasil
                [01] Rio de Janeiro RJ orgnamePontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro orgdiv1Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras - Estudos da Linguagem Brasil
                Article
                S2179-64912012000300015 S2179-6491(12)02400315
                10.1590/S2179-64912012000300015
                f56ede72-4e7d-4995-8e05-9d5d770dfa93

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 25 July 2011
                : 25 January 2011
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 15, Pages: 6
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Categories
                Relato de Caso

                Speech therapy,Criança,Fonoterapia,Transtorno da articulação,Distúrbios da fala,Fala,Child,Articulation disorders,Speech disorders,Speech

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