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      Climate Crises and Developing Vector-Borne Diseases: A Narrative Review

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          Abstract

          Background:

          Climate change based on temperature, humidity and wind can improve many characteristics of the arthropod carrier life cycle, including survival, arthropod population, pathogen communication, and the spread of infectious agents from vectors. This study aimed to find association between content of disease followed climate change we demonstrate in humans.

          Methods:

          All the articles from 2016 to 2021 associated with global climate change and the effect of vector-borne disease were selected form databases including PubMed and the Global Biodiversity information facility database. All the articles selected for this short review were English.

          Results:

          Due to the high burden of infectious diseases and the growing evidence of the possible effects of climate change on the incidence of these diseases, these climate changes can potentially be involved with the COVID-19 epidemic. We highlighted the evidence of vector-borne diseases and the possible effects of climate change on these communicable diseases.

          Conclusion:

          Climate change, specifically in rising temperature system is one of the world’s greatest concerns already affected pathogen-vector and host relation. Lice parasitic, fleas, mites, ticks, and mosquitos are the prime public health importance in the transmission of virus to human hosts.

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          Most cited references50

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          Effects of temperature variation and humidity on the death of COVID-19 in Wuhan, China

          Yueling Ma, Yadong Zhao, Jiangtao Liu … (2020)
          Meteorological parameters are the important factors influencing the infectious diseases such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and influenza. This study aims to explore the association between Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) deaths and weather parameters. In this study, we collected the daily death numbers of COVID-19, meteorological parameters and air pollutant data from 20 January 2020 to 29 February 2020 in Wuhan, China. Generalized additive model was applied to explore the effect of temperature, humidity and diurnal temperature range on the daily death counts of COVID-19. There were 2299 COVID-19 death counts in Wuhan during the study period. A positive association with COVID-19 daily death counts was observed for diurnal temperature range (r = 0.44), but negative association for relative humidity (r = −0.32). In addition, one unit increase in diurnal temperature range was only associated with a 2.92% (95% CI: 0.61%, 5.28%) increase in COVID-19 deaths in lag 3. However, both 1 unit increase of temperature and absolute humidity were related to the decreased COVID-19 death in lag 3 and lag 5, with the greatest decrease both in lag 3 [−7.50% (95% CI: −10.99%, −3.88%) and −11.41% (95% CI: −19.68%, −2.29%)]. In summary, this study suggests the temperature variation and humidity may also be important factors affecting the COVID-19 mortality.
          Article 0 comments Cited 383 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            Effects of temperature and humidity on the daily new cases and new deaths of COVID-19 in 166 countries

            Yu Wu, Wenzhan Jing, Jue Liu … (2020)
            The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is the defining global health crisis of our time and the greatest challenge facing the world. Meteorological parameters are reportedly crucial factors affecting respiratory infectious disease epidemics; however, the effect of meteorological parameters on COVID-19 remains controversial. This study investigated the effects of temperature and relative humidity on daily new cases and daily new deaths of COVID-19, which has useful implications for policymakers and the public. Daily data on meteorological conditions, new cases and new deaths of COVID-19 were collected for 166 countries (excluding China) as of March 27, 2020. Log-linear generalized additive model was used to analyze the effects of temperature and relative humidity on daily new cases and daily new deaths of COVID-19, with potential confounders controlled for, including wind speed, median age of the national population, Global Health Security Index, Human Development Index and population density. Our findings revealed that temperature and relative humidity were both negatively related to daily new cases and deaths. A 1 °C increase in temperature was associated with a 3.08% (95% CI: 1.53%, 4.63%) reduction in daily new cases and a 1.19% (95% CI: 0.44%, 1.95%) reduction in daily new deaths, whereas a 1% increase in relative humidity was associated with a 0.85% (95% CI: 0.51%, 1.19%) reduction in daily new cases and a 0.51% (95% CI: 0.34%, 0.67%) reduction in daily new deaths. The results remained robust when different lag structures and the sensitivity analysis were used. These findings provide preliminary evidence that the COVID-19 pandemic may be partially suppressed with temperature and humidity increases. However, active measures must be taken to control the source of infection, block transmission and prevent further spread of COVID-19.
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              The emergence of arthropod-borne viral diseases: A global prospective on dengue, chikungunya and zika fevers

              Sandra V Mayer, Robert B. Tesh, Nikos Vasilakis (2016)
              Highlights • Arboviruses are still expanding their geographic distribution and causing significant public health impact around the world. • DENV, CHIKV and ZIKV are mosquito-transmitted pathogens posing a threat to human health in many regions of the world. • Global travel and trade have facilitated the emergence of vector-borne diseases. • Surveillance of areas close to the forest is important to monitor the emergence of pathogens from their sylvatic cycle.
              Article 0 comments Cited 169 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Iran J Public Health
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Iran J Public Health
                Journal ID (publisher-id): IJPH
                Title: Iranian Journal of Public Health
                Publisher: Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                ISSN (Print): 2251-6085
                ISSN (Electronic): 2251-6093
                Publication date (Print): December 2022
                Volume: 51
                Issue: 12
                Pages: 2664-2673
                Affiliations
                [1. ]Liver and Pancreatobiliary Diseases Research Center, Digestive Diseases Research Institute, Shariati Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
                [2. ]Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical and Vocational University, Tehran, Iran
                Author notes
                [* ] Corresponding Author: Email: mohamadkhani.ashraf@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: IJPH-51-2664
                DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v51i12.11457
                PMC ID: 9874214
                PubMed ID: 36742229
                SO-VID: f44b7e28-74e8-4474-a121-8b0e29da4acf
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Mojahed et al. Published by Tehran University of Medical Sciences
                License:

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International license ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.

                History
                Date received : 15 May 2022
                Date accepted : 09 August 2022
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: climate change,rising temperature,vector-borne diseases,parasitic insects,covid-19
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Public health
                Keywords: climate change, rising temperature, vector-borne diseases, parasitic insects, covid-19

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