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      Scratching beneath the surface: intentionality in great ape signal production

      1 , 1 , 1 , 1
      Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
      The Royal Society

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          Abstract

          Despite important similarities having been found between human and animal communication systems, surprisingly little research effort has focussed on whether the cognitive mechanisms underpinning these behaviours are also similar. In particular, it is highly debated whether signal production is the result of reflexive processes, or can be characterized as intentional. Here, we critically evaluate the criteria that are used to identify signals produced with different degrees of intentionality, and discuss recent attempts to apply these criteria to the vocal, gestural and multimodal communicative signals of great apes and more distantly related species. Finally, we outline the necessary research tools, such as physiologically validated measures of arousal, and empirical evidence that we believe would propel this debate forward and help unravel the evolutionary origins of human intentional communication. This article is part of the theme issue ‘What can animal communication teach us about human language?’

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          Most cited references45

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          Intentionality

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            Does the chimpanzee have a theory of mind? 30 years later.

            On the 30th anniversary of Premack and Woodruff's seminal paper asking whether chimpanzees have a theory of mind, we review recent evidence that suggests in many respects they do, whereas in other respects they might not. Specifically, there is solid evidence from several different experimental paradigms that chimpanzees understand the goals and intentions of others, as well as the perception and knowledge of others. Nevertheless, despite several seemingly valid attempts, there is currently no evidence that chimpanzees understand false beliefs. Our conclusion for the moment is, thus, that chimpanzees understand others in terms of a perception-goal psychology, as opposed to a full-fledged, human-like belief-desire psychology.
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              Nepotism and the evolution of alarm calls.

              P. Sherman (1977)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
                Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B
                The Royal Society
                0962-8436
                1471-2970
                November 18 2019
                January 06 2020
                November 18 2019
                January 06 2020
                : 375
                : 1789
                : 20180403
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Department of Psychology, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK
                Article
                10.1098/rstb.2018.0403
                6895546
                31735155
                f3b196ca-02be-45df-816c-fe6c77b94a4e
                © 2020

                https://royalsociety.org/-/media/journals/author/Licence-to-Publish-20062019-final.pdf

                https://royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/

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