We examined the relation between diet quality, its components and kidney function decline in post-myocardial infarction (MI) patients, and we explored differences by genetic risk of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
We analysed 2169 patients from the Alpha Omega Cohort (aged 60–80 years, 81% male). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline (2002–2006) using a validated food-frequency questionnaire and diet quality was defined using the Dutch Healthy Diet Cardiovascular Disease (DHD-CVD) index. We calculated 40-months change in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR, mL/min per 1.73m 2). We constructed a weighted genetic risk score (GRS) for CKD using 88 single nucleotide polymorphisms previously linked to CKD. Betas with 95%-confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained using multivariable linear regression models for the association between DHD-CVD index and its components and eGFR change, by GRS.
The average DHD-CVD index was 79 (SD 15) points and annual eGFR decline was 1.71 (SD 3.86) mL/min per 1.73 m 2. The DHD-CVD index was not associated with annual eGFR change (per 1-SD increment in adherence score: -0.09 [95% CI -0.26,0.08]). Results for adherence to guidelines for red meat showed less annual eGFR decline (per 1-SD: 0.21 [0.04,0.38]), whereas more annual eGFR decline was found for legumes and dairy (per 1-SD: -0.20 legumes [-0.37,-0.04] and − 0.18 dairy [-0.34,-0.01]). Generally similar results were obtained in strata of GRS.