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      The use of photothermal quotient and frost risk to identify suitable sowing dates for wheat Translated title: Uso do quociente fototermal e risco de geadas na identificação de época de semeadura adequadas em trigo

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          Abstract

          The potential yield of wheat is mainly determined by temperature, solar radiation and the photothermal quotient. The objective of this study was to determine the temporal and spatial variability of the photothermal quotient and the frost risk to identify suitable sowing dates for wheat in Parana State, Brazil. The results showed that the photothermal quotient has greater spatial variability than temporal variability. The sowing date affects crop conditions that can in turn affect yield. However, the photothermal quotient and frost risk fluctuate differently in different Value for Cultivation and Use (VCU) regions. The regions VCU 1 and VCU 2 showed greater temporal variability of the photothermal quotient. The photothermal quotient ranged from 1.5 to 2.0 MJ m-2 day ºC in VCU 1, from 1.1 to 1.5 MJ m-2 day ºC in VCU 2 and from 1.0 to 1.2 MJ m-2 day ºC in VCU 3. Sowing performed in June provided the greatest photothermal quotient in all VCU regions. However, June sowing increased the frost risk in VCU 1. Thus, the sowing date can be used as a management tool for the attainment of higher yield in wheat.

          Translated abstract

          O potencial de rendimento de grãos em trigo varia, principalmente, em função da temperatura, radiação solar e do quociente fototermal. O objetivo foi estudar a variabilidade temporal e espacial do quociente fototermal (QF) e o risco de geadas visando identificar épocas de semeadura para a cultura do trigo que propicie o maior rendimento de grãos no estado do Paraná, Brasil. Os resultados demonstraram que há maior variabilidade do QF no espaço em relação ao tempo. A época de semeadura afeta as condições de crescimento da cultura, podendo incrementar o rendimento de grãos. Entretanto, o QF e o risco de geadas variam conforme a região de VCU. As regiões de VCU 1 e 2 apresentaram a maior variabilidade temporal do QF. A variação temporal para a região de VCU 1 ficou entre 1,5 a 2,0 MJ m-2 dia ºC (VCU 1), 1,1 a 1,5 MJ m-2 dia ºC (VCU 2) e 1,0 a 1,2 MJ m-2 dia ºC. Em todas regiões de VCU, semeaduras realizadas no mês de junho proporcionam o maior valor de QF. Entretanto, há elevado risco de geadas na região de VCU 1 quando a semeadura ocorre em junho. Assim, a época de semeadura pode ser uma importante ferramenta no manejo para alto rendimento de grãos em trigo.

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          R: A language and environment for statistical computing

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            Number of kernels in wheat crops and the influence of solar radiation and temperature

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              Grain yield in wheat: Effects of radiation during spike growth period

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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Role: ND
                Journal
                asagr
                Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy
                Acta Sci., Agron.
                Editora da Universidade Estadual de Maringá - EDUEM (Maringá )
                1807-8621
                March 2014
                : 36
                : 1
                : 99-110
                Affiliations
                [1 ] Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná Brazil
                [2 ] Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brazil
                [3 ] Cooperativa Central de Pesquisa Agrícola Brazil
                Article
                S1807-86212014000100014
                10.4025/actasciagron.v36i1.14854
                f29f5d3c-86b8-4f09-be0d-2a744309d806

                http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

                History
                Product

                SciELO Brazil

                Self URI (journal page): http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_serial&pid=1807-8621&lng=en
                Categories
                AGRONOMY

                Horticulture
                Triticum aestivum (L.),yield potential,solar radiation,potencial de rendimento,radiação solar

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