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      Saúde e qualidade de vida de médicos residentes Translated title: Health and quality of life of medical residents

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          Abstract

          OBJETIVO: Discutir sobre saúde e qualidade de vida de médicos residentes. MÉTODOS: Estudo de revisão bibliográfica no qual se realizou a análise de conteúdo do assunto enfocado. A fonte de busca foi a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), por meio da BIREME (Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde), nas Bases Eletrônicas Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrietal System On-Line), Lilacs (Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde), SciELO (Scientific Eletronic Library On Line) e pelo endereço eletrônico scholar.google.com.br. Os descritores utilizados foram: qualidade de vida, estresse, internato e residência. Realizou-se o ordenamento e a análise da bibliografia científica, de modo a avaliar e discutir aspectos apresentados nos estudos com relação à temática, considerando a distribuição das publicações segundo país de origem, o período de publicação, a fonte e o título, o foco de estudo e as principais conclusões. RESULTADOS: As publicações analisadas abordam aspectos importantes como incidências elevadas de Burnout, estresse, depressão, fadiga e sono entre os residentes; dificuldade de enfrentamento; relação entre carga horária de trabalho e qualidade de vida; necessidade de melhorias na legislação da residência médica para melhorar as condições de trabalho e aprendizado. CONCLUSÃO: A implementação de programas de assistência aos residentes produz melhorias na qualidade da capacitação profissional e na qualidade de vida pessoal, melhorando o relacionamento com os pacientes. Apesar de estressante, a residência médica é uma experiência enriquecedora, que propicia o desenvolvimento profissional e pessoal dos jovens médicos.

          Translated abstract

          OBJECTIVE: This article highlights the relationship between health and quality of life among the resident medical staff. METHODS: A review was carried out to analyze the content of the relationship under study. Sources for this search were the Virtual Health Library (VHL), by BIREME (Centro Latino-American and Caribbean Center on Health Sciences Information), the Electronic databases Medline (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System On-Line) Lilacs (Literatura Latino-American and Caribbean Health Sciences), SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online) and the email address scholar.google.com.br. Descriptors used were: Quality of life, Burnout, Internship and Residency. Planning and analysis of scientific literature, was performed to evaluate and discuss issues presented in the studies related to the subject, considering the distribution of publications according to country of origin, date of publication, source and title, focus of study and main conclusions. RESULTS: Studies published point to high rates of burnout, stress, depression, fatigue and insomnia among medical residents; moreover a lack of coping strategies, the relationship between workload and quality of life, require a change of medical legislation regarding work-based learning. CONCLUSION: Studies have shown that an adequate training program is needed not only to increase professional qualification and personal quality of life, but also to provide safety during patient treatment. It is known that residency training is stressful; it is nevertheless a process required to prepare for a solid career and personal growth of the young medical staff.

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          Most cited references33

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          Residência médica: estresse e crescimento

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            Satisfactions, dissatisfactions, and causes of stress in medical practice.

            Careers of physicians who graduated from Case Western Reserve School of Medicine have been examined in several longitudinal career studies. Physicians have been interviewed in their own offices, have filled out short-answer questionnaires, and have taken four tests. Emphasis has been placed on factors that have made their medical careers particularly satisfying or dissatisfying. Physicians report many satisfactions that evolve around helping patients, solving problems, and developing relationships with patients and their families. A major dissatisfaction relates to time pressures. In the current interviews with graduates, several sources of stress (malpractice suits, having to give up certain aspects of medical work, threats of physical harm, and certain features of peer review) are being expressed that were infrequently mentioned in previous studies.
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              [Stress at work and well-being in junior residents].

              The present study investigated the workplace experiences of junior physicians in their first year of residency, and the impact of these experiences on their physical and psychological well-being. In a prospective longitudinal study 518 junior physicians (54.4% women, 45.6% men) were investigated twice within two years with regard to individual and institutional determinants of career development. Gender-relevant workplace experiences, i. e. effort-reward imbalance, and their relation to physical and psychological well-being, i. e. anxiety and depression, as well as life satisfaction were evaluated. The workplace experiences revealed three significant gender-specific results: Women residents received less mentoring, had more positive social relationships at work, and showed a higher over-commitment than their male colleagues. Both men and women residents reported significantly worse physical and psychological well-being as well as life satisfaction after their first year of residency (T2) compared to the time directly before their graduation from medical school (T1). The junior physicians' life satisfaction scores are significantly lower than those of the normal population. 7-10% of the respondents showed anxiety scores above cut-off, and 1-4% depression scores above cut-off. Personality traits such as a high sense of coherence and low expressiveness are protective factors for well-being and life satisfaction. Insufficient leadership of senior residents and unclear hierarchical structures as well as stress at work and over-commitment are risk factors for the development of symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. The reported results are consistent with the psychosocial stress model by Karasek and Theorell as well as with the model of effort-reward imbalance of Siegrist.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ramb
                Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira
                Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.
                Associação Médica Brasileira (São Paulo, SP, Brazil )
                0104-4230
                1806-9282
                2010
                : 56
                : 1
                : 81-91
                Affiliations
                [01] orgnameUnião das Faculdades dos Grandes Lagos
                [02] orgnameFundação Municipal de Educação e Cultura de Santa Fé do Sul
                [03] São José do Rio Preto SP orgnameFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto
                [04] São José do Rio Preto SP orgnameFaculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto orgdiv1Departamento de Enfermagem em Saúde Coletiva e Orientação Profissional
                Article
                S0104-42302010000100021 S0104-4230(10)05600121
                10.1590/S0104-42302010000100021
                f1963e45-2fb5-4288-8eb9-a4207f691232

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 June 2009
                : 18 October 2009
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 43, Pages: 11
                Categories
                Artigos Originais

                Estresse,Internato e residência,Quality of Life,Qualidade de Vida,Stress,Internship and Residency

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