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      Terapia convencional y secuencial en el tratamiento de Helicobacter pylori en pacientes del estado Carabobo, Venezuela Translated title: Conventional and Sequential Therapy in the Treatment of Helicobacter pylori in Patients of Carabobo State, Venezuela

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          Abstract

          Introducción: la tendencia mundial, especialmente en países suramericanos, es al incremento de la casuística de morbilidad por Helicobacter pylori que causa gastritis crónica tan severas que abonan el terreno para el desarrollo de neoplasias, a esta situación desfavorable para la población se suma el aumento de reportes no concluyente sobre eficacia de la terapia convencional y secuencial, principales opciones para tratar esta bacteria. Objetivo: determinar en una muestra de la población venezolana, la eficacia de la terapia secuencial y estándar en el tratamiento de Helicobacter pylori. Método: se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo y retrospectivo, basado en la revisión de registros clínicos. La muestra estuvo constituida por 84 individuos con diagnóstico de infección con estabacteria, en quienes se determinó género, diagnóstico de infección, terapia utilizada y diagnóstico pos-tratamiento. Resultados: el 67,9% de los pacientes no tuvo infección post tratamiento, de estos el 50,9% habían recibido terapia estándar y 49,1% secuencial, sin diferencias significativas entre ambas. Conclusiones: en la muestra estudiada la terapia estándar y secuencial resultaron igualmente efectivas y en moderada proporción en el tratamiento de la infección por este microorganismo. Este trabajo constituye el primero realizado en población venezolana.

          Translated abstract

          Introduction: the worldwide trend, particularly in South American countries, is the increase in the casuistry of morbidity Helicobacter pylori that causes chronic gastritis so severe that fertile ground for the development of malignancies, this unfavorable situation for the population increase adds inconclusive reports on the effectiveness of conventional and sequential main therapy options for treating H. pylori. Objective: to determine, in a first approach, from a sample of the Venezuelan population, the efficacy of sequential therapy and standard in the treatment of H. pylori in an attempt to provide information to help answer the question about which therapy is most effective. Methods: a descriptive and retrospective study, based on a review of medical records was performed. The sample consisted of 84 individuals with a diagnosis of H. pylori infection in people gender, diagnosis of infection, diagnosis and therapy used post-treatment was determined. Results: 67.9% were patients without post infection treatment, 50.9% of these subjects had received standard therapy and 49.1% sequential, without significant differences between the two. Conclusions: in the studied sample and standard sequential therapy were equally effective in moderate proportion and in the treatment of H. pylori infection and also that this work is the first study in Venezuelan population.

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          Most cited references30

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          Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection--the Maastricht 2-2000 Consensus Report.

          Significant progress and new insights have been gained in the 4 years since the first Maastricht Consensus Report, necessitating an update of the original guidelines. To achieve this, the European Helicobacter Pylori Study Group organized a meeting of specialists and experts from around the world, representatives from National Gastroenterology Societies and general practitioners from Europe to establish updated guidelines on the current management of Helicobacter pylori infection. The meeting took place on 21-22 September 2000. A "test and treat" approach is recommended in adult patients under the age of 45 years (the age cut-off may vary locally) presenting in primary care with persistent dyspepsia, having excluded those with predominantly gastro-oesophageal reflux disease symptoms, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug users and those with alarm symptoms. Diagnosis of infection should be by urea breath test or stool antigen test. As in the previous guidelines, the eradication of H. pylori is strongly recommended in all patients with peptic ulcer, including those with complications, in those with low-grade gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, in those with atrophic gastritis and following gastric cancer resection. It is also strongly recommended in patients who are first-degree relatives of gastric cancer patients and according to patients' wishes after full consultation. It is advised that H. pylori eradication is considered to be an appropriate option in infected patients with functional dyspepsia, as it leads to long-term symptom improvement in a subset of patients. There was consensus that the eradication of H. pylori is not associated with the development of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease in most cases, and does not exacerbate existing gastro-oesophageal reflux disease. It was agreed that the eradication of H. pylori prior to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs reduces the incidence of peptic ulcer, but does not enhance the healing of gastric or duodenal ulcer in patients receiving antisecretory therapy who continue to take non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Treatment should be thought of as a package which considers first- and second-line eradication therapies together. First-line therapy should be with triple therapy using a proton pump inhibitor or ranitidine bismuth citrate, combined with clarithromycin and amoxicillin or metronidazole. Second-line therapy should use quadruple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline. Where bismuth is not available, second-line therapy should be with proton pump inhibitor-based triple therapy. If second-line quadruple therapy fails in primary care, patients should be referred to a specialist. Subsequent failures should be handled on a case-by-case basis by the specialist. In patients with uncomplicated duodenal ulcer, eradication therapy does not need to be followed by further antisecretory treatment. Successful eradication should always be confirmed by urea breath test or an endoscopy-based test if endoscopy is clinically indicated. Stool antigen test is the alternative if urea breath test is not available.
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            Current concepts in the management of Helicobacter pylori infection: the Maastricht III Consensus Report.

            Guidelines on the management of Helicobacter pylori, which cover indications for management and treatment strategies, were produced in 2000. To update the guidelines at the European Helicobacter Study Group (EHSG) Third Maastricht Consensus Conference, with emphasis on the potential of H pylori eradication for the prevention of gastric cancer. Eradication of H pylori infection is recommended in (a) patients with gastroduodenal diseases such as peptic ulcer disease and low grade gastric, mucosa associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma; (b) patients with atrophic gastritis; (c) first degree relatives of patients with gastric cancer; (d) patients with unexplained iron deficiency anaemia; and (e) patients with chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. Recurrent abdominal pain in children is not an indication for a "test and treat" strategy if other causes are excluded. Eradication of H pylori infection (a) does not cause gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) or exacerbate GORD, and (b) may prevent peptic ulcer in patients who are naïve users of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). H pylori eradication is less effective than proton pump inhibitor (PPI) treatment in preventing ulcer recurrence in long term NSAID users. In primary care a test and treat strategy using a non-invasive test is recommended in adult patients with persistent dyspepsia under the age of 45. The urea breath test, stool antigen tests, and serological kits with a high accuracy are non-invasive tests which should be used for the diagnosis of H pylori infection. Triple therapy using a PPI with clarithromycin and amoxicillin or metronidazole given twice daily remains the recommended first choice treatment. Bismuth-containing quadruple therapy, if available, is also a first choice treatment option. Rescue treatment should be based on antimicrobial susceptibility. The global burden of gastric cancer is considerable but varies geographically. Eradication of H pylori infection has the potential to reduce the risk of gastric cancer development.
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              14-day triple, 5-day concomitant, and 10-day sequential therapies for Helicobacter pylori infection in seven Latin American sites: a randomised trial.

              Evidence from Europe, Asia, and North America suggests that standard three-drug regimens of a proton-pump inhibitor plus amoxicillin and clarithromycin are significantly less effective for eradication of Helicobacter pylori infection than are 5-day concomitant and 10-day sequential four-drug regimens that include a nitroimidazole. These four-drug regimens also entail fewer antibiotic doses than do three-drug regimens and thus could be suitable for eradication programmes in low-resource settings. Few studies in Latin America have been done, where the burden of H pylori-associated diseases is high. We therefore did a randomised trial in Latin America comparing the effectiveness of four-drug regimens given concomitantly or sequentially with that of a standard 14-day regimen of triple therapy. Between September, 2009, and June, 2010, we did a randomised trial of empiric 14-day triple, 5-day concomitant, and 10-day sequential therapies for H pylori in seven Latin American sites: Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Mexico (two sites). Participants aged 21-65 years who tested positive for H pylori by a urea breath test were randomly assigned by a central computer using a dynamic balancing procedure to: 14 days of lansoprazole, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (standard therapy); 5 days of lansoprazole, amoxicillin, clarithromycin, and metronidazole (concomitant therapy); or 5 days of lansoprazole and amoxicillin followed by 5 days of lansoprazole, clarithromycin, and metronidazole (sequential therapy). Eradication was assessed by urea breath test 6-8 weeks after randomisation. The trial was not masked. Our primary outcome was probablity of H pylori eradication. Our analysis was by intention to treat. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, registration number NCT01061437. 1463 participants aged 21-65 years were randomly allocated a treatment: 488 were treated with 14-day standard therapy, 489 with 5-day concomitant therapy, and 486 with 10-day sequential therapy. The probability of eradication with standard therapy was 82·2% (401 of 488), which was 8·6% higher (95% adjusted CI 2·6-14·5) than with concomitant therapy (73·6% [360 of 489]) and 5·6% higher (-0·04% to 11·6) than with sequential therapy (76·5% [372 of 486]). Neither four-drug regimen was significantly better than standard triple therapy in any of the seven sites. Standard 14-day triple-drug therapy is preferable to 5-day concomitant or 10-day sequential four-drug regimens as empiric therapy for H pylori infection in diverse Latin American populations. Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, US National Institutes of Health. Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                ccm
                Correo Científico Médico
                ccm
                Universidad Ciencias Médicas de Holguín (Holguín, , Cuba )
                1560-4381
                December 2016
                : 20
                : 4
                : 729-740
                Affiliations
                [02] orgnameCentro Policlínico Valencia Venezuela
                [01] orgname. Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud-Universidad de Carabobo. Venezuela
                Article
                S1560-43812016000400011 S1560-4381(16)02000400011
                f13c9960-0469-4731-a254-62921c1a15fa

                This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

                History
                : 10 June 2015
                : 07 September 2016
                Page count
                Figures: 0, Tables: 0, Equations: 0, References: 30, Pages: 12
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                SciELO Cuba

                Categories
                CONTRIBUCIONES BREVES

                terapia estándar,Helicobacter pylori,biopsy,breath test,sequential therapy,terapia secuencial,standard therapy,prueba del aliento,biopsia

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