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      Analysis of Psychiatric Disorders by Age Among Children Following a Mass Terrorist Attack in Nice, France, on Bastille Day, 2016

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          Abstract

          This cross-sectional study examines psychiatric disorders among children after a mass terrorist attack in Nice, France, in 2016.

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          Finalizing PTSD in DSM-5: getting here from there and where to go next.

          Matthew Friedman (2013)
          The process that resulted in the diagnostic criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association; ) was empirically based and rigorous. There was a high threshold for any changes in any DSM-IV diagnostic criterion. The process is described in this article. The rationale is presented that led to the creation of the new chapter, "Trauma- and Stressor-Related Disorders," within the DSM-5 metastructure. Specific issues discussed about the DSM-5 PTSD criteria themselves include a broad versus narrow PTSD construct, the decisions regarding Criterion A, the evidence supporting other PTSD symptom clusters and specifiers, the addition of the dissociative and preschool subtypes, research on the new criteria from both Internet surveys and the DSM-5 field trials, the addition of PTSD subtypes, the noninclusion of complex PTSD, and comparisons between DSM-5 versus the World Health Association's forthcoming International Classification of Diseases (ICD-11) criteria for PTSD. The PTSD construct continues to evolve. In DSM-5, it has moved beyond a narrow fear-based anxiety disorder to include dysphoric/anhedonic and externalizing PTSD phenotypes. The dissociative subtype may open the way to a fresh approach to complex PTSD. The preschool subtype incorporates important developmental factors affecting the expression of PTSD in young children. Finally, the very different approaches taken by DSM-5 and ICD-11 should have a profound effect on future research and practice. Published 2013. This article is a US Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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            Prevalence, comorbidity and predictors of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in rural north-eastern Uganda

            Catherine Abbo, Eugene Kinyanda, Ruth B Kizza … (2013)
            Background Child and adolescent anxiety disorders are the most prevalent form of childhood psychopathology. Research on child and adolescent anxiety disorders has predominantly been done in westernized societies. There is a paucity of data on the prevalence, comorbidity, and predictors of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in non-western societies including those in sub-Saharan Africa. This paper investigates the prevalence, comorbidity, and predictors of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in north-eastern Uganda. Objective To determine the prevalence of DSM-IV anxiety disorders, as well as comorbidity patterns and predictors in children and adolescents aged 3 to 19 years in north-eastern Uganda. Methods Four districts (Lira, Tororo, Kaberamaido and Gulu) in rural north-eastern Uganda participated in this study. Using a multi-stage sampling procedure, a sample of 420 households with children aged 3–19 years from each district was enrolled into the study. The MINI International Neuropsychiatric Interview for children and adolescents (MINI KID) was used to assess for psychiatric disorders in 1587 of 1680 respondents. Results The prevalence of anxiety disorders was 26.6%, with rates higher in females (29.7%) than in males (23.1%). The most common disorders in both males and females were specific phobia (15.8%), posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) (6.6%) and separation anxiety disorder (5.8%). Children below 5 years of age were significantly more likely to have separation anxiety disorder and specific phobias, while those aged between 14–19 were significantly more likely to have PTSD. Anxiety disorders were more prevalent among respondents with other psychiatric disorders; in respondents with two or more co-morbid psychiatric disorders the prevalence of anxiety disorders was 62.1%. Predictors of anxiety disorders were experience of war trauma (OR = 1.93, p < 0.001) and a higher score on the emotional symptom scale of the SDQ (OR = 2.58, p < 0.001). Significant socio-demograghic associations of anxiety disorders were found for female gender, guardian unemployment, living in permanent housing, living without parents, and having parents without education. Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in rural north-eastern Uganda is high, but consistent in terms of gender ratio and progression over time with a range of prior work in other contexts. Patterns of comorbidity and predictors of anxiety disorders in this setting are also broadly consistent with previous findings from western community studies. Both psychosocial stressors and exposure to war trauma are significant predictors of anxiety disorders.Prevention and treatment strategies need to be put in place to address the high prevalence rates of anxiety disorders in children and adolescents in Uganda.
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              Terrorist attack in Nice: the central role of a children's hospital

              Hervé Haas, Arnaud Fernandez, Jean Breaud … (2017)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): JAMA Netw Open
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): JAMA Netw Open
                Title: JAMA Network Open
                Publisher: American Medical Association
                ISSN (Electronic): 2574-3805
                Publication date (Electronic): 3 February 2023
                Publication date Collection: February 2023
                Publication date PMC-release: 3 February 2023
                Volume: 6
                Issue: 2
                Electronic Location Identifier: e2255472
                Affiliations
                [1 ]Service Universitaire de psychiatrie de l’enfant et de l’adolescent, Hôpitaux pédiatriques de Nice, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Lenval, Nice, France
                [2 ]CoBTeK (Cognition-Behaviour-Technology) Lab, Université Cote d’Azur, Nice, France
                [3 ]Paris School of Economics, Centre International de Recherche sur l’Environnement et le Developpement and Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, Paris, France
                Author notes
                Article Information
                Accepted for Publication: December 22, 2022.
                Published: February 3, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.55472
                Open Access: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License. © 2023 Askenazy F et al. JAMA Network Open.
                Corresponding Author: Florence Askenazy, MD, PhD, Professor, Hôpital Lenval, 57 av. de la Californie, 06200, Nice, France ( Askenazy.f@ 123456pediatrie-chulenval-nice.fr ).
                Author Contributions: Dr Askenazy had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
                Concept and design: Askenazy, Nachon, Battista, Fernandez, Gindt.
                Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: Askenazy, Bodeau, Nachon, Gittard, Fernandez, Gindt.
                Drafting of the manuscript: Askenazy, Bodeau, Nachon, Gittard, Fernandez, Gindt.
                Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Askenazy, Gittard, Battista, Fernandez.
                Statistical analysis: Askenazy, Bodeau, Nachon, Gittard, Fernandez, Gindt.
                Obtained funding: Askenazy, Gindt.
                Administrative, technical, or material support: Askenazy, Battista, Fernandez, Gindt.
                Supervision: Askenazy, Nachon, Battista, Fernandez.
                Conflict of Interest Disclosures: None reported.
                Funding/Support: This study was supported by the Agence Régionale de Santé (ARS) PACA and Ministère Français de la Santé.
                Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.
                Data Sharing Statement : See Supplement 2.
                Additional Contributions: We thank Dr Philippe Auby, MD, PhD, and Prof Philippe Robert, MD, PhD (Cognition-Behaviour-Technology Lab, Université Cote d’Azur, Nice, France), for their careful review of the manuscript. These individuals were not compensated for their time. We thank Fondation de France, Association Promenade des Anges, ONAC VG, Association des Gueules Cassées, Société Française de Psychiatrie de l’Enfant et de l’Adolescent, and Conseil Départemental des Alpes Maritimes (CD 06) for their support.
                Article
                Publisher ID: zld220321
                DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2022.55472
                PMC ID: 9898818
                PubMed ID: 36735258
                SO-VID: f0a3d5c8-1f4d-463c-862e-e6320b042838
                Copyright © Copyright 2023 Askenazy F et al. JAMA Network Open.
                License:

                This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.

                History
                Date received : 13 September 2022
                Date accepted : 22 December 2022
                Categories
                Subject: Research
                Subject: Research Letter
                Subject: Online Only
                Subject: Psychiatry

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