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      Call for Papers: Preclinical Investigations of Nutrigenetic/Nutrigenomic Targets

      Submit here before January 31, 2025

      About Lifestyle Genomics: 2.0 Impact Factor I 4.0 CiteScore I 0.539 Scimago Journal & Country Rank (SJR)

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      COVID-19 and Obesity: Overlapping of Two Pandemics

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      Author(s): * ,
      Publication date (Electronic):
      Journal: Obesity Facts
      Publisher: S. Karger AG
      Keywords: Obesity, COVID-19, Body fat, Pandemic, Inflammation, Thrombosis

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          Abstract

          Background

          The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has recently led to worldwide research efforts to identify subjects at greater risk of developing more severe illness: overall obesity displayed a strong correlation with critical illness and major severity of COVID-19 manifestations.

          Summary

          Obesity and metabolic disorders are closely linked to chronic systemic inflammation. The adipose tissue constitutes a source of cytokines, which configure a low-grade inflammation and a hypercoagulation status; in addition, diagnosis and care of obese patients are often complicated by excess weight and ventilation difficulties.

          Key Messages

          This review aims to examine the intersection between obesity and adverse outcomes of COVID-19, in order to investigate its preventive and/or therapeutic potential in the management of obesity-related COVID-19 complications.

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          Autopsy Findings and Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With COVID-19

          Dominic Wichmann, Jan-Peter Sperhake, Marc Lütgehetmann … (2020)
          Background: The new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS–CoV-2), has caused more than 210 000 deaths worldwide. However, little is known about the causes of death and the virus's pathologic features. Objective: To validate and compare clinical findings with data from medical autopsy, virtual autopsy, and virologic tests. Design: Prospective cohort study. Setting: Autopsies performed at a single academic medical center, as mandated by the German federal state of Hamburg for patients dying with a polymerase chain reaction–confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19. Patients: The first 12 consecutive COVID-19–positive deaths. Measurements: Complete autopsy, including postmortem computed tomography and histopathologic and virologic analysis, was performed. Clinical data and medical course were evaluated. Results: Median patient age was 73 years (range, 52 to 87 years), 75% of patients were male, and death occurred in the hospital (n = 10) or outpatient sector (n = 2). Coronary heart disease and asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were the most common comorbid conditions (50% and 25%, respectively). Autopsy revealed deep venous thrombosis in 7 of 12 patients (58%) in whom venous thromboembolism was not suspected before death; pulmonary embolism was the direct cause of death in 4 patients. Postmortem computed tomography revealed reticular infiltration of the lungs with severe bilateral, dense consolidation, whereas histomorphologically diffuse alveolar damage was seen in 8 patients. In all patients, SARS–CoV-2 RNA was detected in the lung at high concentrations; viremia in 6 of 10 and 5 of 12 patients demonstrated high viral RNA titers in the liver, kidney, or heart. Limitation: Limited sample size. Conclusion: The high incidence of thromboembolic events suggests an important role of COVID-19–induced coagulopathy. Further studies are needed to investigate the molecular mechanism and overall clinical incidence of COVID-19–related death, as well as possible therapeutic interventions to reduce it. Primary Funding Source: University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf.
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            High prevalence of obesity in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) requiring invasive mechanical ventilation

            Arthur Simonnet, Mikael Chetboun, Julien Poissy … (2020)
            Abstract Objective The Covid‐19 pandemic is rapidly spreading worldwide, notably in Europe and North America, where obesity is highly prevalent. The relation between obesity and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus‐2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) has not been fully documented. Methods In this retrospective cohort study we analyzed the relationship between clinical characteristics, including body mass index (BMI), and the requirement for invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) in 124 consecutive patients admitted in intensive care for SARS‐CoV‐2, in a single French center. Results Obesity (BMI >30 kg/m2) and severe obesity (BMI >35 kg/m2) were present in 47.6% and 28.2% of cases, respectively. Overall, 85 patients (68.6%) required IMV. The proportion of patients who required IMV increased with BMI categories (p 35 kg/m2 (85.7%). In multivariate logistic regression, the need for IMV was significantly associated with male sex (p 35 kg/m2 vs patients with BMI <25 kg/m2 was 7.36 (1.63‐33.14; p=0.02) Conclusion The present study showed a high frequency of obesity among patients admitted in intensive care for SARS‐CoV‐2. Disease severity increased with BMI. Obesity is a risk factor for SARS‐CoV‐2 severity requiring increased attention to preventive measures in susceptible individuals.
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              Obesity in patients younger than 60 years is a risk factor for Covid-19 hospital admission

              Jennifer Lighter, Michael Phillips, Sarah Hochman … (2020)
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Obes Facts
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Obes Facts
                Journal ID (publisher-id): OFA
                Title: Obesity Facts
                Publisher: S. Karger AG (Allschwilerstrasse 10, P.O. Box · Postfach · Case postale, CH–4009, Basel, Switzerland · Schweiz · Suisse, Phone: +41 61 306 11 11, Fax: +41 61 306 12 34, karger@karger.com )
                ISSN (Print): 1662-4025
                ISSN (Electronic): 1662-4033
                Publication date (Electronic): 24 September 2021
                Publication date PMC-release: 24 September 2021
                Pages: 1-7
                Affiliations
                Human and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University G. D'Annunzio, Chieti, Italy
                Author notes
                *Maria Alessandra Gammone, m.alessandra.gammone@ 123456gmail.com
                Article
                Publisher ID: ofa-0001
                DOI: 10.1159/000518386
                PMC ID: 8678214
                PubMed ID: 34569546
                SO-VID: edddd1d8-f885-4c20-847d-912500ecd093
                Copyright © Copyright © 2021 by S. Karger AG, Basel
                License:

                This article is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC). Usage and distribution for commercial purposes requires written permission. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

                History
                Date received : 15 April 2021
                Date accepted : 3 July 2021
                Page count
                Figures: 1, References: 46, Pages: 7
                Categories
                Subject: Review Article

                Keywords: obesity,covid-19,body fat,pandemic,inflammation,thrombosis
                Data availability:
                Keywords: obesity, covid-19, body fat, pandemic, inflammation, thrombosis

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