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      The Effects of Contextual Factors, Self-Efficacy and Motivation on Learners’ Adaptability to Blended Learning in College English: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach

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          Abstract

          Objective

          Few research efforts have substantially introduced relevant studies on Chinese students’ adaptability in relation to the ineffectiveness of blended learning mode in College English. This study is guided by social cognitive theory, and related literature has been reviewed concerning adaptability. In this study, we aim to examine the involved relationships among contextual factors, self-efficacy, motivation, and adaptability to blended learning mode among non-English majored Chinese learners in the College English course.

          Methods

          The quantitative research method was employed in this study, and 595 respondents were eventually collected to enable the data analysis. The structural equation modeling (SEM) approach was used to analyze the data.

          Results

          (1) The non-English majored learners’ adaptability to blended learning mode in College English was at a low level with a mean value of 2.26, indicating that students still suffer difficulties from class conducted in blended learning; (2) the fit indices were at the level of good fit, and it suggested the structural model had an overall good fit to the data as shown: x 2/df = 2.496, RMESA = 0.050, GFI = 0.956, AGFI = 0.936, NFI = 0.968, RFI = 0.959, IFI = 0.980, TLI = 0.975, CFI = 0.980; (3) adaptability was positively related to contextual factors, self-efficacy, and motivation ( p < 0.001); (4) contextual factors exerted an indirect effect on the adaptability not only through the separate mediating role of self-efficacy and motivation, but through the chain mediating role of self-efficacy and motivation ( p < 0.01).

          Implications

          This study theoretically extends previous studies on adaptability by investigating the affecting factors in the framework of social cognitive theory. More practically important is that this study sheds light on the impact mechanism of positive and enjoyable environment, self-efficacy and motivation on non-English majored learners’ adaptability to blended learning mode in English course, which would provide a vital insight for administrators and College English instructors to reconsider the role of learners’ responses in the mixed mode to improve their English achievement more effectively, as well as to enhance and promote their user experience of the offered blended learning service.

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          Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology

          Fred D. Davis (1989)
          Article 0 comments Cited 4484 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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            A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling

            Jörg Henseler, Christian M. Ringle, Marko Sarstedt (2015)
            Article 0 comments Cited 3920 times – based on 0 reviews     Review now
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              Social cognitive theory: an agentic perspective.

              Albert Bandura (2001)
              The capacity to exercise control over the nature and quality of one's life is the essence of humanness. Human agency is characterized by a number of core features that operate through phenomenal and functional consciousness. These include the temporal extension of agency through intentionality and forethought, self-regulation by self-reactive influence, and self-reflectiveness about one's capabilities, quality of functioning, and the meaning and purpose of one's life pursuits. Personal agency operates within a broad network of sociostructural influences. In these agentic transactions, people are producers as well as products of social systems. Social cognitive theory distinguishes among three modes of agency: direct personal agency, proxy agency that relies on others to act on one's behest to secure desired outcomes, and collective agency exercised through socially coordinative and interdependent effort. Growing transnational embeddedness and interdependence are placing a premium on collective efficacy to exercise control over personal destinies and national life.
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                Author and article information

                Contributors
                Journal
                Journal ID (nlm-ta): Front Psychol
                Journal ID (iso-abbrev): Front Psychol
                Journal ID (publisher-id): Front. Psychol.
                Title: Frontiers in Psychology
                Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
                ISSN (Electronic): 1664-1078
                Publication date (Electronic): 06 April 2022
                Publication date Collection: 2022
                Volume: 13
                Electronic Location Identifier: 847342
                Affiliations
                [1] 1School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Panzhihua University , Panzhihua, China
                [2] 2Rattanakosin International College of Creative Entrepreneurship, Rajamangala University of Technology Rattanakosin , Nakhon Pathom, Thailand
                [3] 3Faculty of Economics, Srinakharinwirot University , Bangkok, Thailand
                Author notes

                Edited by: Xuefeng Shao, University of Newcastle, Australia

                Reviewed by: Rebecca Kechen Dong, University of South Australia, Australia; Yiyi Liao, The University of Sydney, Australia

                *Correspondence: Ruihui Pu, ruihui@ 123456g.swu.ac.th

                This article was submitted to Emotion Science, a section of the journal Frontiers in Psychology

                Article
                DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.847342
                PMC ID: 9020123
                PubMed ID: 35465522
                SO-VID: ed78c3d4-ee4c-46ef-b4ea-f4535866a64b
                Copyright © Copyright © 2022 Yang and Pu.
                License:

                This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

                History
                Date received : 02 January 2022
                Date accepted : 21 February 2022
                Page count
                Figures: 2, Tables: 7, Equations: 0, References: 119, Pages: 14, Words: 10998
                Categories
                Subject: Psychology
                Subject: Original Research

                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: contextual factors,self-efficacy,motivation,adaptability,blended learning,college english,structural equation modeling
                Data availability:
                ScienceOpen disciplines: Clinical Psychology & Psychiatry
                Keywords: contextual factors, self-efficacy, motivation, adaptability, blended learning, college english, structural equation modeling

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