Consumption of Ultraprocessed Food and Risk of Depression

Author(s): Chatpol Samuthpongtorn , MD ¹ , Long H. Nguyen , MD, MS ¹ ^, ² , Olivia I. Okereke , MD, SM ³ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁵ , Dong D. Wang , ScD, MD ⁵ ^, ⁶ , Mingyang Song , MD, ScD ¹ ^, ⁴ ^, ⁶ , Andrew T. Chan , MD, MPH ¹ ^, ² ^, ⁵ ^, ⁷ ^, ⁸ ^, , Raaj S. Mehta , MD, MPH ¹ ^, ² ^, ⁷ ^,

Publication date (Electronic): 20 September 2023

Journal: JAMA Network Open

Publisher: American Medical Association

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Abstract

This cohort study examines the consumption of ultraprocessed food and risk of depression among 31 172 US females aged 42 to 62 years.

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Ultra-processed food consumption and the incidence of depression in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN Project

Clara Gómez-Donoso, Almudena Sánchez-Villegas, Miguel Martínez-González … (2019)

A growing body of evidence shows that consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) is associated with a higher risk of cardiometabolic diseases, which, in turn, have been linked to depression. This suggests that UPF might also be associated with depression, which is among the global leading causes of disability and disease. We prospectively evaluated the relationship between UPF consumption and the risk of depression in a Mediterranean cohort.

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Prospective association between ultra-processed food consumption and incident depressive symptoms in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

Moufidath Adjibade, Chantal Julia, Benjamin Allès … (2019)

Background Ultra-processed food (UPF) consumption has increased over the last decades in Westernized countries. Our objective was to investigate for the first time the association between the proportion of UPF (%UPF) in the diet and incident depressive symptoms in the NutriNet-Santé cohort. Methods The sample included 20,380 women and 6350 men (aged 18–86 years) without depressive symptoms at the first Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) measurement, using validated cut-offs (CES-D score ≥ 17 for men and ≥ 23 for women). The proportion of UPF in the diet was computed for each subject using the NOVA classification applied to dietary intakes collected by repeated 24-h records (mean = 8; SD = 2.3). The association between UPF and depressive symptoms was evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models. Results Over a mean follow-up of 5.4 years, 2221 incident cases of depressive symptoms were identified. After accounting for a wide range of potential confounders, an increased risk of depressive symptoms was observed with an increased %UPF in the diet. In the main model adjusted for sociodemographic characteristics, body mass index, and lifestyle factors, the estimated hazard ratio for a 10% increase in UPF was 1.21 (95% confidence interval = 1.15–1.27). Considering %UPF in food groups, the association was significant only for beverages and sauces or added fats. Conclusion Overall, UPF consumption was positively associated with the risk of incident depressive symptoms, suggesting that accounting for this non-nutritional aspect of the diet could be important for mental health promotion. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12916-019-1312-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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The preference for sugar over sweetener depends on a gut sensor cell

Kelly L Buchanan, Laura Rupprecht, M. Kaelberer … (2022)

Guided by gut sensory cues, humans and animals prefer nutritive sugars over non-caloric sweeteners, but how the gut steers such preferences remains unknown. In the intestine, neuropod cells synapse with vagal neurons to convey sugar stimuli to the brain within seconds. Here, we found that cholecystokinin (CCK)-labeled duodenal neuropod cells differentiate and transduce luminal stimuli from sweeteners and sugars to the vagus nerve using sweet taste receptors and sodium glucose transporters. The two stimulus types elicited distinct neural pathways: while sweetener stimulated purinergic neurotransmission, sugar stimulated glutamatergic neurotransmission. To probe the contribution of these cells to behavior, we developed optogenetics for the gut lumen by engineering a flexible fiberoptic. We showed that preference for sugar over sweetener in mice depends on neuropod cell glutamatergic signaling. By swiftly discerning the precise identity of nutrient stimuli, gut neuropod cells serve as the entry point to guide nutritive choices.

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Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): JAMA Netw Open

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): JAMA Netw Open

Title: JAMA Network Open

Publisher: American Medical Association

ISSN (Electronic): 2574-3805

Publication date (Electronic): 20 September 2023

Publication date Collection: September 2023

Publication date PMC-release: 20 September 2023

Volume: 6

Issue: 9

Electronic Location Identifier: e2334770

Affiliations

[1 ]Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston

[2 ]Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston

[3 ]Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston

[4 ]Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts

[5 ]Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts

[6 ]Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts

[7 ]Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts

[8 ]Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts

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Article Information

Accepted for Publication: August 15, 2023.

Published: September 20, 2023. doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34770

Corresponding Authors: Raaj S. Mehta, MD, MPH ( rmehta2@ 123456mgh.harvard.edu ), and Andrew T. Chan, MD, MPH ( achan@ 123456mgh.harvard.edu ), Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 100 Cambridge St, Ste 1580 Boston, MA 02114.

Author Contributions: Drs Samuthpongtorn and Mehta had full access to all of the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.

Concept and design: Samuthpongtorn, Chan, Mehta.

Acquisition, analysis, or interpretation of data: All authors.

Drafting of the manuscript: Samuthpongtorn, Chan, Mehta.

Critical review of the manuscript for important intellectual content: All authors.

Statistical analysis: Samuthpongtorn, Chan, Mehta.

Obtained funding: Chan.

Administrative, technical, or material support: Samuthpongtorn, Okereke, Song, Chan, Mehta.

Supervision: Chan, Mehta.

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Okereke reported receiving grants from the National Institutes of Health and royalties from Springer Publishing outside the submitted work. Dr Chan reported receiving grants from Bayer Pharma AG and Zoe and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Pfizer, and Freenome outside the submitted work. No other disclosures were reported.

Funding/Support: The Nurses’ Health Study II was funded by grant U01 CA176726 from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health.

Role of the Funder/Sponsor: The funders had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and decision to submit the manuscript for publication.

Disclaimer: The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health.

Data Sharing Statement: See the Supplement.

Additional Contributions: We thank the participants and staff of the Nurses’ Health Study II for their valuable contributions. They received no compensation for their contributions.

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Publisher ID: zld230182

DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.34770

PMC ID: 10512104

PubMed ID: 37728928

SO-VID: ed491e90-de5b-48c7-b783-95ef0cb7d366

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This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the CC-BY License.

Consumption of Ultraprocessed Food and Risk of Depression

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SDG: 12: Responsible Consumption and Production

Most cited references 6

Ultra-processed food consumption and the incidence of depression in a Mediterranean cohort: the SUN Project

Prospective association between ultra-processed food consumption and incident depressive symptoms in the French NutriNet-Santé cohort

The preference for sugar over sweetener depends on a gut sensor cell

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