Gene Expression of Osteopontin in Alopecia Areata? A Case-Controlled Study

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Abstract

Purpose of the Study: To study the expression of osteopontin (OPN) in alopecia areata (AA) lesions in a trial to clarify its possible role in the pathogenesis of such a disease. Procedures: Tissue level of OPN was measured in 28 AA patients as well as 25 age- and sex-matched healthy controls using both real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and immunohistochemistry. Results: The tissue level of OPN by real-time PCR (4.5-12.8, 8.93 ± 1.9) and immunohistochemical expression of positive OPN mean area percent (7.1-21.2%, 12 ± 5.5%) were significantly higher in patients compared to controls (1-4.6, 2.11 ± 0.93; 3.9-12.02%, 6.8 ± 2.8%, respectively; p < 0.0000). The Severity of Alopecia Tool score showed no significant correlation with the OPN mRNA expression (r = 0.11, p = 0.55). Conclusion: High OPN mRNA expression is associated with AA. OPN might play an important role in the pathogenesis of AA. © 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel

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Most cited references 29

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Osteopontin: role in immune regulation and stress responses.

Kathryn X Wang, David T Denhardt (2008)

Recent research has led to a better but as yet incomplete understanding of the complex roles osteopontin plays in mammalian physiology. A soluble protein found in all body fluids, it stimulates signal transduction pathways (via integrins and CD44 variants) similar to those stimulated by components of the extracellular matrix. This appears to promote the survival of cells exposed to potentially lethal insults such as ischemia/reperfusion or physical/chemical trauma. OPN is chemotactic for many cell types including macrophages, dendritic cells, and T cells; it enhances B lymphocyte immunoglobulin production and proliferation. In inflammatory situations it stimulates both pro- and anti-inflammatory processes, which on balance can be either beneficial or harmful depending on what other inputs the cell is receiving. OPN influences cell-mediated immunity and has been shown to have Th1-cytokine functions. OPN deficiency is linked to a reduced Th1 immune response in infectious diseases, autoimmunity and delayed type hypersensitivity. OPN's role in the central nervous system and in stress responses has also emerged as an important aspect related to its cytoprotective and immune functions. Evidence suggests that either OPN or anti-OPN monoclonal antibodies (depending on the circumstances) might be clinically useful in modulating OPN function. Manipulation of plasma OPN levels may be useful in the treatment of autoimmune disease, cancer metastasis, osteoporosis and some forms of stress.

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Eta-1 (osteopontin): an early component of type-1 (cell-mediated) immunity.

S Ashkar, G F Weber, V Panoutsakopoulou … (2000)

Cell-mediated (type-1) immunity is necessary for immune protection against most intracellular pathogens and, when excessive, can mediate organ-specific autoimmune destruction. Mice deficient in Eta-1 (also called osteopontin) gene expression have severely impaired type-1 immunity to viral infection [herpes simplex virus-type 1 (KOS strain)] and bacterial infection (Listeria monocytogenes) and do not develop sarcoid-type granulomas. Interleukin-12 (IL-12) and interferon-gamma production is diminished, and IL-10 production is increased. A phosphorylation-dependent interaction between the amino-terminal portion of Eta-1 and its integrin receptor stimulated IL-12 expression, whereas a phosphorylation-independent interaction with CD44 inhibited IL-10 expression. These findings identify Eta-1 as a key cytokine that sets the stage for efficient type-1 immune responses through differential regulation of macrophage IL-12 and IL-10 cytokine expression.

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Osteopontin as a means to cope with environmental insults: regulation of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cell survival.

D T Denhardt, M Noda, A W O'Regan … (2001)

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Author and article information

Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): SPP

Journal ID (nlm-ta): Skin Pharmacol Physiol

Journal ID (doi): 10.1159/issn.1660-5527

Title: Skin Pharmacology and Physiology

Publisher: S. Karger AG

ISSN (Print): 1660-5527

ISSN (Electronic): 1660-5535

Publication date Subscription-year: 2015

Publication date (Print): February 2015

Publication date (Electronic): 14 October 2014

Volume: 28

Issue: 2

Pages: 84-90

Affiliations

Departments of ^aDermatology, ^bBiochemistry, and ^cHistology, Kasr AlAini Hospital, Cairo University, and ^dDepartment of Dermatology, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt

Author notes

*Faisal N. Mohammed, MD, National Research Centre, Elbehos Street, Dokki, Giza 126222 (Egypt), E-Mail faisoolnoor2003@yahoo.co.uk

Article

Publisher ID: 363147 Other ID: Skin Pharmacol Physiol 2015;28:84-90

DOI: 10.1159/000363147

PubMed ID: 25322767

SO-VID: ed45ee88-7e9e-4dd3-b084-adfdb8755301

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Copyright: All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be translated into other languages, reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, microcopying, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Drug Dosage: The authors and the publisher have exerted every effort to ensure that drug selection and dosage set forth in this text are in accord with current recommendations and practice at the time of publication. However, in view of ongoing research, changes in government regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to drug therapy and drug reactions, the reader is urged to check the package insert for each drug for any changes in indications and dosage and for added warnings and precautions. This is particularly important when the recommended agent is a new and/or infrequently employed drug. Disclaimer: The statements, opinions and data contained in this publication are solely those of the individual authors and contributors and not of the publishers and the editor(s). The appearance of advertisements or/and product references in the publication is not a warranty, endorsement, or approval of the products or services advertised or of their effectiveness, quality or safety. The publisher and the editor(s) disclaim responsibility for any injury to persons or property resulting from any ideas, methods, instructions or products referred to in the content or advertisements.

History

Date received : 22 November 2013

Date accepted : 24 April 2014

Page count

Figures: 6, Tables: 3, References: 36, Pages: 7

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Gene Expression of Osteopontin in Alopecia Areata? A Case-Controlled Study

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Abstract

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Karger: Dermatology

Most cited references 29

Osteopontin: role in immune regulation and stress responses.

Eta-1 (osteopontin): an early component of type-1 (cell-mediated) immunity.

Osteopontin as a means to cope with environmental insults: regulation of inflammation, tissue remodeling, and cell survival.

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