New perspective into mesenchymal stem cells: Molecular mechanisms regulating osteosarcoma

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Highlights

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The origin of osteosarcoma cells from osteoblasts and mesenchymal stem cells remains controversial.
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Mesenchymal stem cells regulate the development of osteosarcoma by influencing the tumor microenvironment and mediating cell communication.
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Mesenchymal stem cells and exosomes secreted by them can be used as good genes and drug carriers for the treatment of osteosarcoma.
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Mesenchymal stem cells from different tissue sources have different regulatory effects on the development of osteosarcoma.

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with significant potential for regenerative medicine. The tumorigenesis of osteosarcoma is an intricate system and MSCs act as an indispensable part of this, interacting with the tumor microenvironment (TME) during the process. MSCs link to cells by acting on each component in the TME via autocrine or paracrine extracellular vesicles for cellular communication. Because of their unique characteristics, MSCs can be modified and processed into good biological carriers, loaded with drugs, and transfected with anticancer genes for the targeted treatment of osteosarcoma. Previous high-quality reviews have described the biological characteristics of MSCs; this review will discuss the effects of MSCs on the components of the TME and cellular communication and the prospects for clinical applications of MSCs.

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Most cited references 113

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Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis.

Daniela F Quail, Johanna A Joyce (2013)

Cancers develop in complex tissue environments, which they depend on for sustained growth, invasion and metastasis. Unlike tumor cells, stromal cell types within the tumor microenvironment (TME) are genetically stable and thus represent an attractive therapeutic target with reduced risk of resistance and tumor recurrence. However, specifically disrupting the pro-tumorigenic TME is a challenging undertaking, as the TME has diverse capacities to induce both beneficial and adverse consequences for tumorigenesis. Furthermore, many studies have shown that the microenvironment is capable of normalizing tumor cells, suggesting that re-education of stromal cells, rather than targeted ablation per se, may be an effective strategy for treating cancer. Here we discuss the paradoxical roles of the TME during specific stages of cancer progression and metastasis, as well as recent therapeutic attempts to re-educate stromal cells within the TME to have anti-tumorigenic effects.

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Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles.

Marina Colombo, Graça Raposo, Clotilde Théry (2014)

In the 1980s, exosomes were described as vesicles of endosomal origin secreted from reticulocytes. Interest increased around these extracellular vesicles, as they appeared to participate in several cellular processes. Exosomes bear proteins, lipids, and RNAs, mediating intercellular communication between different cell types in the body, and thus affecting normal and pathological conditions. Only recently, scientists acknowledged the difficulty of separating exosomes from other types of extracellular vesicles, which precludes a clear attribution of a particular function to the different types of secreted vesicles. To shed light into this complex but expanding field of science, this review focuses on the definition of exosomes and other secreted extracellular vesicles. Their biogenesis, their secretion, and their subsequent fate are discussed, as their functions rely on these important processes.

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MicroRNA therapeutics: towards a new era for the management of cancer and other diseases

Rajesha Rupaimoole, Frank J Slack (2017)

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that can modulate mRNA expression. Insights into the roles of miRNAs in development and disease have led to the development of new therapeutic approaches that are based on miRNA mimics or agents that inhibit their functions (antimiRs), and the first such approaches have entered the clinic. This Review discusses the role of different miRNAs in cancer and other diseases, and provides an overview of current miRNA therapeutics in the clinic.

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Author and article information

Contributors

Jingjing Yang

Journal

Journal ID (nlm-ta): J Bone Oncol

Journal ID (iso-abbrev): J Bone Oncol

Title: Journal of Bone Oncology

Publisher: Elsevier

ISSN (Print): 2212-1366

ISSN (Electronic): 2212-1374

Publication date PMC-release: 23 June 2021

Publication date Collection: August 2021

Publication date (Electronic): 23 June 2021

Volume: 29

Electronic Location Identifier: 100372

Affiliations

[a ]The First Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China

[b ]The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, China

Author notes

[* ]Corresponding author. yangjj2018@ 123456lzu.edu.cn

[1]

These authors contributed equally to this study and share first authorship.

Article

Publisher Item ID: S2212-1374(21)00027-0 Publisher ID: 100372

DOI: 10.1016/j.jbo.2021.100372

PMC ID: 8254115

PubMed ID: 34258182

SO-VID: ebfec540-f174-4441-a5a7-13c8b4719b10

License:

This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).

History

Date received : 3 March 2021

Date revision received : 14 April 2021

Date accepted : 2 June 2021

Categories

Subject: Review Article

Keywords: osteosarcoma,mscs,tme,cellular communication,clinical application,mscs, mesenchymal stem cells,ipscs, induced pluripotent stem cells,escs, embryonic stem cells,aqp1, aquaporin-1,mcp-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1,tme, tumor microenvironment,bmscs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells,ecm, extracellular matrix,os, osteosarcoma,cafs, carcinoma-associated-fibroblasts,tgf, transforming growth factor,tnf, tumor necrosis factor,hcc, hepatocellular carcinoma,csf, colony-stimulating factor,sdf-1, stromal cell-derived factor 1,evs, extracellular vesicles,line-1, long interspersing element 1,sd-mscs, stressed mscs,msc-mvs, msc microvesicles,msc-exos, msc-derived exosomes,bmsc-derived exosomes, bmsc-exos,tra2b, transformer 2β,ad-mscs, adipose-derived mscs,dp-mscs, dental pulp-derived mscs, huc-mscs, human umbilical cord mscs,5 fc, 5-fluorocytosine,hascs, human adipose stem cells,vegf, vascular endothelial growth factor,pdgfα, platelet derived growth factor α,pdgfrα, platelet derived growth factor receptor α,pdgfrβ, platelet derived growth factor receptor β,opg, osteoprotegerin,gbm, glioblastoma,3tsr, three type 1 repeats,s trail, secretable variant of the tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand,dox, doxorubicin,crc, colorectal cancer,ycd::uprt, yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyl transferase

Data availability:

Keywords: osteosarcoma, mscs, tme, cellular communication, clinical application, mscs, mesenchymal stem cells, ipscs, induced pluripotent stem cells, escs, embryonic stem cells, aqp1, aquaporin-1, mcp-1, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, tme, tumor microenvironment, bmscs, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, ecm, extracellular matrix, os, osteosarcoma, cafs, carcinoma-associated-fibroblasts, tgf, transforming growth factor, tnf, tumor necrosis factor, hcc, hepatocellular carcinoma, csf, colony-stimulating factor, sdf-1, stromal cell-derived factor 1, evs, extracellular vesicles, line-1, long interspersing element 1, sd-mscs, stressed mscs, msc-mvs, msc microvesicles, msc-exos, msc-derived exosomes, bmsc-derived exosomes, bmsc-exos, tra2b, transformer 2β, ad-mscs, adipose-derived mscs, dp-mscs, dental pulp-derived mscs, huc-mscs, human umbilical cord mscs, 5 fc, 5-fluorocytosine, hascs, human adipose stem cells, vegf, vascular endothelial growth factor, pdgfα, platelet derived growth factor α, pdgfrα, platelet derived growth factor receptor α, pdgfrβ, platelet derived growth factor receptor β, opg, osteoprotegerin, gbm, glioblastoma, 3tsr, three type 1 repeats, s trail, secretable variant of the tnf-related apoptosis-inducing ligand, dox, doxorubicin, crc, colorectal cancer, ycd::uprt, yeast cytosine deaminase::uracil phosphoribosyl transferase

New perspective into mesenchymal stem cells: Molecular mechanisms regulating osteosarcoma

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Abstract

Related collections

Stress signalling in stem cells

Most cited references 113

Microenvironmental regulation of tumor progression and metastasis.

Biogenesis, secretion, and intercellular interactions of exosomes and other extracellular vesicles.

MicroRNA therapeutics: towards a new era for the management of cancer and other diseases

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Contributors

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Affiliations

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Article

History

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