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      A Benzothiazole-Based Fluorescent Probe for Ratiometric Detection of Al 3+ and Its Application in Water Samples and Cell Imaging

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          Abstract

          An easily prepared benzothiazole-based probe (BHM) was prepared and characterized by general spectra, including 1H NMR, 13C NMR, HRMS, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Based on the synergistic mechanism of the inhabitation of intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), the BHM displayed high selectivity and sensitivity for Al 3+ in DMF/H 2O ( v/v, 1/1) through an obvious blue-shift in the fluorescent spectrum and significant color change detected by the naked eye, respectively. The binding ratio of BHM with Al 3+ was 1:1, as determined by the Job plot, and the binding details were investigated using FT-IR, 1H NMR titration, and ESI-MS analysis. Furthermore, the BHM was successfully applied in the detection of Al 3+ in the Songhua River and on a test stripe. Fluorescence imaging experiments confirmed that the BHM could be used to monitor Al 3+ in human stromal cells (HSC).

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          Most cited references39

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          Aluminium in brain tissue in autism

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            Aluminum and Alzheimer's Disease.

            Aluminum (Al) is one of the most extended metals in the Earth's crust. Its abundance, together with the widespread use by humans, makes Al-related toxicity particularly relevant for human health.Despite some factors influence individual bioavailability to this metal after oral, dermal, or inhalation exposures, humans are considered to be protected against Al toxicity because of its low absorption and efficient renal excretion. However, several factors can modify Al absorption and distribution through the body, which may in turn progressively contribute to the development of silent chronic exposures that may lately trigger undesirable consequences to health. For instance, Al has been recurrently shown to cause encephalopathy, anemia, and bone disease in dialyzed patients. On the other hand, it remains controversial whether low doses of this metal may contribute to developing Alzheimer's disease (AD), probably because of the multifactorial and highly variable presentation of the disease.This chapter primarily focuses on two key aspects related to Al neurotoxicity and AD, which are metabolic impairment and iron (Fe) alterations. We discuss sex and genetic differences as a plausible source of bias to assess risk assessment in human populations.
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              A review of mechanisms for fluorescent ‘‘turn-on’’ probes to detect Al 3+ ions

              The adverse effect of Al 3+ ions on human health as well as the environment makes it desirable to develop sensitive and specific techniques for the detection of Al 3+ ions. The adverse effect of Al 3+ ions on human health as well as the environment makes it desirable to develop sensitive and specific techniques for the detection of Al 3+ ions. Detection methodology based on the fluorescence technique in combination with fluorescent chemosensors has shown its credibility attributed to its highly sensitive nature as well as to its applicability to the biological samples. Following a brief introduction to the principle of fluorescent sensors, various sensing methods which have been employed for the detection of Al 3+ ions are explored. In addition, the outputs of various research groups from the last two years have been discussed. The objective of the present review is to highlight the recent progress in the field of fluorescent chemosensors related to Al 3+ detection. The discussion comprises structural designing and mechanistic approaches used to develop selective fluorescent sensors for Al 3+ ions. More emphasis has been given to describing the coordination modes and photophysical processes responsible for an effective detection process.
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                Author and article information

                Journal
                Int J Mol Sci
                Int J Mol Sci
                ijms
                International Journal of Molecular Sciences
                MDPI
                1422-0067
                28 November 2019
                December 2019
                : 20
                : 23
                : 5993
                Affiliations
                Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
                Author notes
                [* ]Correspondence: zyxing@ 123456neau.edu.cn
                Author information
                https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9699-0808
                Article
                ijms-20-05993
                10.3390/ijms20235993
                6929017
                31795136
                eb0c52dc-fb2a-4993-840e-8ff71ae67b8c
                © 2019 by the authors.

                Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

                History
                : 29 October 2019
                : 26 November 2019
                Categories
                Article

                Molecular biology
                benzothiazole,ratiometric,fluorescent probe,al3+
                Molecular biology
                benzothiazole, ratiometric, fluorescent probe, al3+

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